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Book (series)Respecting free, prior and informed consent
Practical guidance for governments, companies, NGOs, indigenous peoples and local communities in relation to land acquisition
2014Improving governance of tenure is the objective of the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (Guidelines), which serve as a reference and set out principles and internationally accepted standards for responsible practices. The Guidelines state that responsible investments should do no harm, safeguard against dispossession of legitimate tenure right holders and environmental damage, and should respect human rights. This technical guide on Respecting free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) sets out practical actions for government agencies to respect and protect FPIC and for civil society organizations, land users and private investors globally to comply with their responsibilities in relation to FPIC, as endorsed by the Guidelines. -
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Book (series)Compulsory acquisition of land and compensation 2008
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No results found.Compulsory acquisition is the power of government to acquire private rights in land without the willing consent of the owner or occupant in order to benefit society and is often necessary for social and economic development and the protection of the natural environment. The exercise of these powers is frequently contentious and problematic. The guide explains what compulsory acquisition and compensation are, and what constitutes good practice in this area, examining the consequences of poor legi slation, procedures and implementation. It is likely to be of most use in countries that are seeking to understand good practice in this area and to improve their own legislation, procedures and implementation in compulsory purchase and compensation in the interests of society as a whole.
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No Thumbnail AvailableBook (series)A Preliminary Evaluation of the Status of Shark Species 1999
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No results found.The status of shark species is reviewed based on the available data. A review of the history of shark fisheries demonstrates that intensive shark fisheries are not sustainable. Numerous problems are encountered in assessing shark populations: a general lack of biological and fishery data, lack of suitable models, and lack of validated age estimates. Sharks have an unusual combination of biological characteristics: slow growth and delayed maturation, long reproductive cycles, low fecundity and lo ng life spans. These characteristics make them vulnerable to overfishing. A preliminary evaluation of the status of shark species is made on the basis of historical data, the reproductive potential of each species, and the level of exploitation of the species. In this document, exploited shark species are classified numerically according to their vulnerability. The majority of these species are listed as Category 1, indicating that there are not sufficient data to assess the species. Available d ata indicate that sharks are very vulnerable and are threatened by overexploitation in many parts of the world. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Electricidad a partir de eucalipto y bagazo en ingenios azucareros de Nicaragua 1998
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No results found.El estudio realiza un análisis tecnocconórnico de la generación de electricidad a partir de bagazo y de lefia de eucalipto utilizados como combustibles en dos ingenios azucareros nicaraguenses. Estos combustibles se consumen según ci período correspondiente: bagazo durante la zafra y leíla derivada de las plantaciones energéticas de cucalipto durante ci periodo de la no-zafra. -
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No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)SAHEL WEATHER AND CROP SITUATION - June 1999 1999
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The rainy season started generally on time or even early in southern Senegal. However, following generally above normal rains in early to mid-May, the rains decreased significantly in early June in the centre and the east of the Sahel. By contrast, in the west, they progressed northwards over Senegal, The Gambia and Guinea Bissau. The rainy season started in April in the extreme south of Mali and progressed northwards in May. In Burkina Faso, rains started in mid-April, became widespread and wer e generally above normal over the south and the centre up to mid-May, but they decreased significantly in early June. Precipitation was widespread over southern Niger and Chad in May but decreased in early June. Elsewhere, in Cape Verde, northern parts of Senegal and Mauritania, seasonably dry conditions prevail. The last Meteosat satellite image for the first few days of the second dekad of June confirms the rainfall pattern. Land preparation and plantings are in progress following the ons et of the rains. Crops are emerging satisfactorily in Burkina Faso, southern Chad and Mali but reduced rains in early June are threatening recently planted crops, notably in Burkina Faso. Grain-eating birds are reported in Chad, Mali and Niger. Control measures are underway. Rodents also appeared following plantings in Niger. Isolated Desert Locusts have been reported in Mauritania; low numbers are expected in the summer breeding areas of the Sahel once seasonal rains commence. No signific ant developments are expected. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (series)A global analysis of the pre-implementation phase of co-management systems: an academic and policy literature review 2024
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No results found.Fisheries co-management has emerged as a pivotal strategy for sustainable resource management worldwide. It fosters collaboration among local resource users, governments, NGOs, and academics. The global landscape of fisheries co-management is characterized by its diversity. The implementation of fisheries co-management typically unfolds in three distinct phases: pre-implementation, implementation, and post-implementation. The pre-implementation phase is crucial, involving stakeholder identification and engagement, objective setting, and the development of legal and social frameworks. This study analysed the complexities of the pre-implementation phase, based on a set of indicators about the context, attributes, pre-existing conditions, drivers, governance approaches, participatory processes, and enabling conditions associated with co-management systems. This analytical framework is based on an extensive literature review, encompassing both academic and policy documents. This dual approach of academic and policy review allowed for a holistic understanding of co-management systems, considering both theoretical insights and practical implementations. The results provide a comprehensive overview of the essential foundational elements that are crucial in fostering co-management systems, some of them capable of addressing the complex challenges faced by fisheries in the contemporary world. This knowledge can be utilized by government and non-government organizations planning to support or engage in the development of co-management systems across various ecological, social, and governance contexts.