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ArticleRegional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria Reveals the Presence of 164 Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites in Foods 2019
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No results found.In the framework of the first multi-centre Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study (SSA-TDS), 2328 commonly consumed foods were purchased, prepared as consumed and pooled into 194 composite samples of cereals, tubers, legumes, vegetables, nuts and seeds, dairy, oils, beverages and miscellaneous. Those core foods were tested for mycotoxins and other fungal, bacterial and plant secondary metabolites by liquid chromatography, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The highest aflatoxin concentrations were quantified in peanuts, peanut oil and maize. The mean concentration of the sum of aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 (AFtot) in peanut samples (56.4 µg/kg) exceeded EU (4 µg/kg) and Codex (15 µg/kg) standards. The AFtot concentration (max: 246.0 µg/kg) was associated with seasonal and geographic patterns and comprised, on average, 80% AFB1, the most potent aflatoxin. Although ochratoxin A concentrations rarely exceeded existing Codex standards, it was detected in unregulated foods. One palm oil composite sample contained 98 different metabolites, including 35.4 µg/kg of ochratoxin A. In total, 164 different metabolites were detected, with unspecific metabolites like asperglaucide, cyclo(L-pro-L-val), cyclo (L-pro-L-tyr), flavoglaucin, emodin and tryptophol occurring in more than 50% of composite samples. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1), sterigmatocystin (STC), ochratoxin A (OTA), citrinin (CIT) and many other secondary fungal metabolites are frequent co-contaminants in staple foods, such as maize and sorghum. Populations from North Cameroon and from Benin may, therefore, suffer chronic and simultaneous exposure to AFB1, FB1, STC, OTA and CIT, which are prevalent in their diet. -
Book (stand-alone)Safety evaluation of certain mycotoxins in food. Prepared by the 56th meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Food and Nutrition Paper 74 2004
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No results found.The monographs contained in this volume were prepared at the fifty-sixth meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), which met at WHO Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, 6-15 February 2001. These monographs summarize the data on selected mycotoxins reviewed by the Committee. The fifty-sixth report of JECFA will be published by the World Health Organization in the WHO Technical Report Series. Reports and other documents resulting from previous meetings of JECFA are l isted in Annex 1. Abbreviations used in the monographs are listed in Annex 2. The participants in the meeting are listed in Annex 3 of the present publication. -
MeetingHydrocyanic acid and Mycotoxins in food commodities. Request for data on Hydrocyanic acid and Mycotoxins in cassava and cassava products (including fermented cooked cassava-based products)
Issued August 2017
2017Also available in:
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