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ArticleNatural resource managers adapt to disturbance: Understanding and strengthening public land management and civic stewardship across both rural and urban forests during the COVID-19 pandemic
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.In addition to the devastating impacts on human health and the economy, COVID-19 is changing the way people interact with public lands such as forests, parks, and green spaces. Land managers have adapted practices in real-time to a changing reality. Establishing new field protocols, managing workforce capacity issues, responding to unprecedented demand, and reimagining the way the public is served through events and programs are some of the adaptations managers are making to ensure use and access to public lands. Many community-based partners have managed to adapt during this time of crisis to support public lands in cities, towns, and rural areas. These ‘green responders’ are known to be effective and adaptive across geographies and cultures; yet capacity to respond can be uneven and inequitable. To better understand what drives adaptation and ‘green response’ to disturbance, we pose the question: How do public land managers, civic environmental groups, and governance networks adapt to the COVID-19 disturbance in their environmental stewardship? Drawing upon semi-structured interviews (n=70) with USDA Forest Service managers in the northeastern United States, municipal park managers at the New York City Parks Department, and civic stewardship groups in New York City, we advance policy-relevant knowledge about networks and adaptation. We 1) identify the emergence of new groups, the transformation of partnerships, and the shifts in flows of information and resources across networks, and 2) share best practices and creative solutions during the pandemic. By documenting how natural resource managers responded to the first six months of the pandemic starting in March 2020, this study builds understanding of how adaptation can strengthen resilience to future disturbances. This work builds upon scholarship that has examined stewardship in the wake of acute and chronic disturbances including terrorism, hurricanes, wildfires, and pest invasions. Keywords: COVID-19; land management; civic stewardship; adaptation; partnerships ID: 3485900 -
ArticleForest natural resource management and non-timber forest products as nature-based solutions for climate adaptation, ecosystem restoration and poverty alleviation in Mali– a case study
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Climate change, nature loss and poverty are major intertwined crises that mutually reinforce each other. This is particularly true for smallholder farmers in Africa’s drylands: they are the hardest hit by the climate crisis, which contributes to the degradation of the land upon which their livelihoods depend. Further pushed into poverty, rural people are forced to resort to unsustainable land practices for survival, feeding the cycle of environmental degradation and climate change. Intertwined crises need integrated approaches, such as nature-based solutions (NbS) that protect natural ecosystems and address societal challenges. Tree Aid works in Africa’s drylands to unlock the potential of trees to tackle poverty and improve the environment. Here, we present a quantitative NbS case study looking at the impacts of the adoption of forest natural resource management (NRM) and increased production of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) among smallholder farmers in the Segou region in Mali between July 2017 and July 2020. This project was a partnership between Tree Aid, the UK funded Darwin Initiative and local partner Sahel Eco.Its socioeconomic impact was evaluated with focus group discussions, baseline and endline assessments using the Rural Household Multi-Indicator Survey (RHoMIS) (https://www.rhomis.org/). Ecosystem restoration impacts were assessed by ecological surveys and data from permanent monitoring plots.We demonstrate that NRM and NTFPs delivered positive outcomes for people (reduction of project population living below the poverty line), biodiversity (+20,404ha of land under improved management), and climate (improved climate resilience through better access to natural resources). This evidences the viability of high-quality NbS in Africa’s drylands and calls for greater long-term restoration investment and deployment in the region informed by and delivered through local communities and organisations. Keywords: NbS, NTFPs, NRM, Mali, forest governance ID: 3622597 -
DocumentWhy is there no global legally binding agreement on forests? A qualitative literature review to identify conflicts within the negotiations and the way forward for sustainable forest management
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The enhancement of global forest management practices was long thought to be subject to a binding agreement, comparable to other United Nations Conventions. Unlike other environmental challenges of similar importance, the countries of the world did not come together to establish a legally binding forest convention. More than 25 years since the start of the initial negotiations at the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, four institutions and five non-binding agreements have been established to govern forests, none of which extends to similar lengths as the Framework Convention for Climate Change, Desertification, or Biodiversity. This paper investigates the conflicts present in the forest policy arena that have hindered the successful progression of a legally binding agreement. By conducting an extensive qualitative literature assessment of 51 peer-reviewed publications and building onto the policy arrangement approach by Arts, Leroy & Van Tatenhove (2006), the authors categorize and explain the conflicts present during and prevailing beyond the negotiations. The results are validated through expert interviews and observations from the 14th session of the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF). The authors identified 13 critical conflicts across the dimensions of ideology, interests, institutionalism, and coalition dynamics. While some conflicts have changed or were resolved, many persist today and will prevent a successful conclusion of the process. A legally binding agreement in the originally proposed form as overarching institution seems unlikely to happen in the future. Yet, the momentum surrounding sustainable forest management is greater than ever before, and a changing political culture raises new hopes for significant progress in the implementation of sustainable forestry beyond a mere agreement. Institutions like the UN FAO and the UNFF will play a crucial role in advancing the global transition to sustainable management in the future. Keywords: Policies, Conflict, Deforestation and forest degradation, Sustainable forest management, Research ID: 3617722
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