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ArticleValidating viability of Melia volkensii seeds stored as extracted seeds or nuts for production of high-quality germplasm in domestication and conservation of dryland tree species
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Development and supply of superior germplasm is important for the promotion of tree planting. Kenya has lost many tree seed sources through deforestation, land degradation, forests encroachment and conversion of agricultural land to housing. Nevertheless, limited access to tree seeds of high quality is the major constraint to sustainable tree production in Kenya and proper information on storability of extracted seeds is lacking. Melia volkensii trees species is highly valued in drylands of Kenya for tremendous roles in social-economic, ecological and environmental protection, and conservation. This experiment aims at determining viability test of Melia seeds stored as nut over period of one year and the resultant effect that they will have on seed germination. Furthermore, the research investigates the conducive environment that would favor storage of Melia seeds in order to improve its viability status. The experiment showed that Melia seeds stored at room temperature and a temperature of 4 degrees centigrade had higher germination capacities compared to Melia seeds stored at a temperature of -20 degrees centigrade. The peak average germination speed was 2.11 with a germination value of 3.99. Significant (p value ≤ 0.001) differences were observed in the germination capacities between Melia stored as seeds and nuts for the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh germinations (p value ≤ 0.05). From the study, Melia stored as seeds at a temperature of 4 degrees centigrade had the highest marginal germination capacity. This study provides the best information for storage and handling of Melia seeds in maintaining its viability. Keywords: Germplasm, viability, conservation, Climate change, dryland species, Melia volkensii ID: 3623818 -
ArticleEthnobotanical survey of less-known indigenous edible tree Diospyros mespiliformis (Ebenaceae) in Benin, West Africa
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.African ebony (Diospyros mespiliformis) is a priority indigenous fruit tree that has several uses but its use pattern and conservation are little documented across various ethnic groups in Benin. These surveys carried out in 2018 aimed at provide a critical appraisal of the existing knowledge on the ethno-botanical value of these resources among 317 registered informants. Data on socio demographic characteristics and uses of these plant resources was collected based on oral interview using Kobo Collect tool and a well-structured questionnaire from 11 ethnic groups. Quantitative analysis techniques including Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), Hierarchical Clustering (HCPC) and beta-regression (beta-reg)) were performed to evaluaterelative usefulness of different tree organs and the extent to which quantitative indexes give similar results. Results revealed three clusters with diverse uses of D. mespiliformis. The main uses categories of African ebony were food-fodder, medicinal, construction and magico-religious. The results showed also significant difference in use between ethnic groups, generations and socio-professional categories (P < 0.05). However, gender, religion and educational background of informants were not a determinant of local knowledge (P > 0.05). In addition, diseases treated with D. mespiliformis werefever, dressing wound, malaria and infertility. Our findings suggest that local availability of D. mespiliformis should prioritize the fruit and the wood which are the most valued parts of the plant. In order to fully explore the plant’s potential, this resource needs development of integrated cultivation approach, safety evaluation and detailed ethno-pharmacological studies because it is not excluded that interesting medicinal properties setting in light by research permit to finalize new drug. Keywords: Quantitative ethno-botany, Medicinal plant, edible tree, Diospyros mespiliformis, Benin ID: 3477093 -
ArticlePromoting Terminalia brownii as a commercial indigenous tree species in drylands, East Africa
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Kenya’s forest cover is estimated at 7.4% of the land mass cover. Forests are important in ensuring biodiversity conservation and providing ecosystem goods and services, improving community livelihoods and national GDP. There is need to enhance afforestation and reforestation programmes to achieve the envisioned 10% tree cover target. However, this effort is constrained by climate change issues arising from unsustainable exploitation of wood for charcoal and firewood leading to the depletion of important tree species such as T. brownii. The domestication of T. brownii under agroforestry systems and other tree planting programmes are constrained by lack of adequate supply of superior and high quality seeds and seedlings, poor silvi-cultural management techniques, low rates of integration into smallholder agroforestry programs, limited knowledge on crop-tree interactions and lack of allometric models to estimate biomass yield and carbon stock. A multidisciplinary research project funded by the National Research Fund (NRF) is ongoing and is geared towards promoting the propagation and regeneration of T. brownii under agroforestry systems in the drylands of Kenya to mitigate climate change. A number of preliminary findings have been reported, such are; (1) Terminalia brownii fruits have mechanical dormancy imposed by the hard samara fruit and that extracted T. brownii seeds record a high percentage of above 80% under warm conditions; (2) germination of T. brownii fruits and seeds are significantly affected by fungal pathogens and insect pests; (3) five variables significantly influence the decision to domesticate T. brownii these are; education level of household head, importance of farm to the household income, access to credit, dependency ratio and intercropping; (4) studies on the spatial distribution and occurrence and development of allometric equation for estimating above and below-ground biomass of T. brownii in the drylands of Kenya are ongoing. Further assessment on growth performance have shown that T. brownii is generally fast growing; can attain an increase in height of (~1.0 m) and DGL (3.0 cm) annually, with significance difference in growth within and between provenances and that the it can withstand many other growth challenges despite the harsh weather conditions. These findings suggest that T. brownii is a promising tree species in agroforestry systems and afforestation in drylands and that there exist genetic variability among the available provenances thus the need to involve more stakeholders in seedling production and to embark on...... Key words: T. brownii, Commercial tree, growth performance, drylands of Kenya ID: 3623166
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