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Legal measures to eradicate rural poverty

Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 7

Year of publication 2019

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 6p.

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Despite global efforts, it is estimated that around 2.2 billion people still live in poverty1, and that approximately 80 percent of this figure is made up of people living in rural areas. According to the World Bank (2018), utting an end to poverty is proving to be one of the greatest human rights challenges the modern world faces. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda includes as its number 1 goal, the goal to end poverty.

See related briefs: Right to adequate food in constitutions - Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 1 Framework laws on the right to adequate food - Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 2 Legislating for adequate food and nutrition in schools - Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 3 Enabling legal environment for the responsible governance of tenure - Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 4 Enabling legal environment for responsible investment in agriculture and food systems - Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 5 Legislative approaches to improve nutrition - Legal brief for parliamentarians in Africa No. 6

Language English

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    Considering the importance of legal frameworks in laying down governance and accountability frameworks, clarifying the responsibilities of relevant public and private entities and defining the long term and budgetary commitment of states, the capacity of countries to adopt and enforce laws in pertinent areas is crucial to reducing rural poverty. Countries have signed up to international and regional instruments that are of relevance to rural poverty and have adopted policies and legislation in these areas. However, a number of normative, institutional and operational challenges exist in different countries. These include regulatory gaps in some areas such as social security for agricultural workers; the existence of laws that sustain discriminatory practices, for example, in relation to inheritance of property; and inconsistencies in norms and institutional mandates in the area of natural resource governance. Even with relatively good laws, their practical implementation may be wanting due to limitations of capacity to implement them. These problems would require a range of measures on the part of state and non‐state actors, including the adoption or revision of laws as well as awareness‐raising and legal empowerment. This legal paper explores the significance of legislative frameworks to poverty reduction efforts, with a particular focus on human rights. It highlights sectoral areas for legislative intervention and identifies normative, procedural and institutional challenges that states encounter while implementing poverty reduction programmes. It further refers to examples from state practice and provides recommendations on how relevant actors can make use of legislation to address rural poverty.
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    Today, about 736 million people live in extreme poverty. Extreme poverty is primarily a rural phenomenon, with 80 percent of the extreme poor living in rural areas, across greatly diverse rural landscapes. Despite great progress in poverty reduction, the standard of living of the poorest of the poor has remained almost unchanged in the past 35 years, signaling that a huge gap in policy making and programmatic approaches are leaving them behind. FAO has established a Corporate Framework on Rural Extreme Poverty to orient and bring to bear the relevant work of the Organization towards reaching Target 1.1 of the SDGs. Eliminating extreme poverty is directly linked to eliminating hunger (SDG 2), as well as other SDGs. When the extreme poor have means to a better life, they no longer suffer from hunger and can invest in a better future for their families and communities. The Framework reinforces the application of other Corporate Frameworks, particularly those related to gender equality, social protection, sustaining peace, and migration. This makes the Framework applicable to many areas of FAO’s work, accelerating efforts to eliminate extreme poverty in rural areas. The Framework identifies four key areas to reach the rural extreme poor: ensuring food security and nutrition, promoting economic inclusion, fostering environmentally sustainable and resilient livelihoods and preventing and protecting the extreme poor against risks and shocks.
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    Legal measures to eradicate rural poverty 2020
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    To achieve the SDGs in Latin America and the Caribbean, prosperous and inclusive rural territories are necessary: 78 percent of the 169 targets of the Sustainable Development Goals depend exclusively or mainly on actions undertaken in rural areas of the world. This document will address: i) the obligations of the States for the eradication of poverty, ii) proposals for legislative measures to eradicate rural poverty, and iii) parliamentary actions necessary to promote legislative and political measures for the eradication of rural poverty, and the experience of the "Parliamentary Front Against Hunger in Latin America and the Caribbean".
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