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The Aflaj System - Current performance and potentials for improvement

Small-scale and family farmers’ collective action in managing natural resources in Oman









FAO. 2022. The Aflaj System – Current performance and potentials for improvement. Small-scale and family farmers’ collective action in managing natural resources in Oman. Muscat.





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    Towards the implementation of the SSF Guidelines in the Near East and North Africa Region. Proceedings of the Near East and North Africa Regional Consultation Towards the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication, Muscat, The Sultanate of Oman, 7-10 December 2015 2016
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    This document provides a summary of the presentations, discussions, conclusions and recommendations of the Near East and North Africa Regional Consultation Workshop on the Implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication, held in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, on 7–10 December 2015. The report was prepared by the Centre for Marketing Information and Advisory Services for Fishery Products in the Arab Region (INFOSAMAK) with important contributions by Nicole Franz, Lena Westlund, Cherif Toueilib and workshop presenters and participants. The workshop was co-hosted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Sultanate of Oman, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) with the collaboration of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM). The presentations given by the speakers are reproduced as submitted, as is the material included in the ann exes.
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    This document presents the main finding of this project in the Oman to support the strengthening of producer organizations in agriculture and fisheries. The results of this work provide a basis for the formulation of a national plan of action that reflects the needs of smallholder farmers and fishers to ultimately contribute to their empowerment. Part 1 provides an overview of the various existing forms of collective action and the institutional framework regulating them. Part 2 describes the objectives, methodology and components of the project implemented by FAO, highlighting the results obtained for the three target groups of the project: the Omani Agricultural Association, the Aflaj and the Coastal Women.
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    Field guide to improve crop water productivity in small-scale agriculture
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    By 2050, the world’s population will reach 9.1 billion, which requires an increase of food production by 70 percent compared to 2005 (FAO,2018). Nearly all the increase will occur in developing countries, where agriculture plays a major role to provide employment, income and to improve food security. One of the major challenges of increasing food supply is the limited water resources. Agriculture, as the driver of freshwater exploitation has, therefore, to be transformed into more resource efficient production (FAO, 2003). The world’s limited freshwater resources are potentially threatened by the expansion of agriculture. Increasing the potential output per amount of water used is an appropriate practice to improve production efficiency while protecting water resources. Therefore, increasing the productivity of agricultural water use in a sustainable manner is essential to ultimately sustain the social and economic conditions of livelihoods. Crop water productivity has grown into one of the major approaches to cope with water scarcity and advance crop-water relation. The number of conceptual frameworks and implications is ample, but there is always a growing need to review the step-by-step approach beyond. In this Field guide, practical pathways are presented to provide a comprehensive approach for assessing and improving crop water productivity in small-scale agriculture. The Field guide draws lessons learned in three countries (Burkina Faso, Morocco and Uganda) within the framework of FAO project “Strengthening Agricultural Water Efficiency and Productivity at the African and Global Level” funded by Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).

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