Joint FAO/WHO/OIE Expert Meeting on Critically  Important Antimicrobials

Animal Production and Health Division

Joint FAO/WHO/OIE Expert Meeting on Critically Important Antimicrobials

Report of the FAO/WHO/OIE Expert Meeting FAO Headquarters, Rome 26-30 November 2007

Year of publication 2008

Pages 67 p.

Author Animal Production and Health Division

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Book (stand-alone)

ISBN 97892510600

Edition 1

Full item page

Synopsis (short abstract) The need for access to antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine is critical. However, with increasing resistance to antimicrobials, it has been necessary for WHO and OIE to develop lists of critically important antimicrobials for human and veterinary use respectively. A comparison of these two lists highlights the overlap that occurs. Therefore FAO/WHO/OIE implemented an expert meeting to review the overlap, identify the current and potential hazards to public health result ing from this and, find an appropriate balance between animal health needs and public health considerations. In addition this meeting sought to identify the combinations – human-pathogen-antimicrobial use and animal species – that could be considered by risk managers as the priority combinations for future risk-benefit assessment and review current management strategies and options for maintaining the efficacy of critically important antimicrobials for humans and animals. This report contains the findings of that expert meeting and gives particular attention to principles and approaches for prioritization for risk assessment and the identification and characterization of preliminary risk management activities for minimizing the risk of antimicrobial resistance associated with food animals. In addition it includes a series of recommendations to FAO, WHO, OIE and national governments related to assessment and management of antimicrobial resistance resulting from the use of antimicrobials in food animals.

Language English

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Responding to the request from the 39th Session Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) and the ad hoc Codex Intergovernmental Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance (TFAMR) for information about antimimcrobial resistance, this report provides scientific advice on the subject derived from a joint “FAO/WHO expert meeting on foodborne antimicrobial resistance: role of environment, crops and biocides” on 11-15 June 2018 in Rome, Italy. There is clear scientific evidence that foods of plant origin may serve as a vehicle of foodborne exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Aquaculture products can also carry bacteria that are resistant to medically important antimicrobials. As such, concerted efforts should be made to mitigate their contamination at all stages of the food chain, from production to consumption. Notably, antimicrobials should only be used in crop production according to label guidelines in the context of integrated pest management strategies. To improve food safety, best management practices should be adhered to with respect to the use of human and animal wastes for soil amendment purposes and for the prevention of environmental contamination where aquatic animals are raised for food. Foods of plant and aquatic animal origin food incorporated in to integrated surveillance plans for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring. Because of the theoretical potential for disinfecting chemical to co-select for AMR, biocides should be used according to manufacturers’ recommendations.
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The public health hazards related to antimicrobial use in aquaculture include the development and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and resistance genes, and the occurrence of antimicrobial residues in products of aquaculture. The greatest potential risk to public health associated with antimicrobial use in aquaculture is thought to be the development of a reservoir of transferable resistance genes in bacteria in aquatic environments from which such genes can be disseminated by horizont al gene transfer to other bacteria and ultimately reach human pathogens. However, a quantitative risk assessment on antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture is difficult to perform owing to lack of data and the many different and complex pathways of gene flow.