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Book (series)Technical studyBest practices in addressing the major drivers of food security and nutrition to transform food systems
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
2022Also available in:
No results found.After decreasing for nearly a decade, hunger is once again on the rise. The major drivers behind this reversal – especially in low- and middle-income countries – are conflict, climate extremes and variability, and economic downturns. This crisis – exacerbated by the economic shocks stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic containment measures – underlines the urgent need to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets. This prompted FAO, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the World Food Programme (WFP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to focus the theme of The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021 on possible transformative pathways and portfolios of policies to achieve these objectives. This paper analyses 136 case studies received from a call for best practices in transforming food systems to improve the affordability of healthy diets and build resilience to the major drivers of food security and nutrition. These can help countries formulate context-specific portfolios of policies, investments and laws that integrate different sectors – environmental, health and social protection, among others – to move from siloed approaches to integrated food systems solutions. -
Policy briefPolicy briefScience, practice, and policy expert dialogue on food systems and resilience: Key priorities for aligning global ecosystem restoration, biodiversity, climate resilience and sustainable food policies with local level action 2022
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No results found.The policy brief is a reflection upon key take home messages from the constellation of thinking and events in 2021 through a lens of science, practice, and policy with concrete examples from countries participating the Resilient Food Systems Programme. These include; the UN Food Systems Summit; updated evidence and deeper commitments to addressing climate change through the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC Climate Change 2021) and the 26th Conference of Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change; and opportunities to intensify efforts on biodiversity and restoring land health included in the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and UN Convention on Biological Diversity (UN CBD). -
ProjectProgramme / project reportTransforming Livelihoods through Climate Resilient, Low Carbon, Sustainable Agricultural Value Chains in the Lake Region Economic Bloc, Kenya
Environmental and Social Management Framework
2025Also available in:
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookSoil erosion: the greatest challenge for sustainable soil management 2019
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Despite almost a century of research and extension efforts, soil erosion by water, wind and tillage continues to be the greatest threat to soil health and soil ecosystem services in many regions of the world. Our understanding of the physical processes of erosion and the controls on those processes has been firmly established. Nevertheless, some elements remain controversial. It is often these controversial questions that hamper efforts to implement sound erosion control measures in many areas of the world. This book, released in the framework of the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (15-17 May 2019) reviews the state-of-the-art information related to all topics related to soil erosion. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.