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Changing diets are leading to higher rates of non-communicable diseases in Fiji

A case study on food systems, diets and health













FAO. 2021. Changing diets are leading to higher rates of non-communicable diseases in Fiji – A case study on food systems, diets and health. Apia.



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    The role of diets and food systems in the prevention of obesity and non-communicable diseases in Fiji
    Gathering evidence and supporting multi-stakeholder engagement
    2021
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    Despite the lack of literature and inconsistencies in research aims and methods, it is evident that dietary intake has been shifting from traditional food consumption patterns to diets that are heavily reliant on imported and increasingly processed foods in Fiji. Availability of food items varies depending on location, however there is evidence of food environments with high availability of energy dense, nutrient poor foods, in both rural and urban locations. Food environments around vulnerable populations, for example schools, are of concern, with 80 percent of the outlets surveyed within 400 m school zones selling sugar-sweetened beverages. While the process of developing policies that support a healthy diet is enabled by Fiji’s whole-of-government commitment to improving food nutrition security, there are competing priorities and points of incoherence that deter this, particularly relating to economic growth. A range of specific policy measures have been introduced in Fiji by different government sectors that influence all facets of the food system. However, capacities required to develop and deliver policies are limited across government, primarily by the allocation of resources and technical expertise. This reduces the effectiveness of existing policy measures to support healthy diets, and the progression of new measures. A range of gaps and opportunities exist among the policy measures identified, and entry points lie throughout the food system and associated policy environment to improve dietary behaviour in Fiji.
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    What can diets and food systems do to prevent obesity and non-communicable diseases in Fiji? 2021
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    In the past 20 to 30 years, accelerated changes to local food systems and dietary patterns in Fiji have contributed to rising rates of overweight and obesity. The rise in these forms of malnutrition has led to an increase in the incidence of a range of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes, certain cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. NCDs are now behind over 80 percent of deaths in Fiji annually, generating a significant social and economic burden. This brief outlines one of the focus areas of a research project titled 'The role of diets and food systems in the prevention of obesity and non-communicable diseases in Fiji' on what diets can do to prevent overweight, obesity, and NCDs in Fiji.
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    Pricing policy for non-communicable disease prevention in Fiji - Brief note 2019
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    The Government of Fiji has identified action on nutrition and on diet-related Non-Communicable Diseases as a policy priority. The population of Fiji is experiencing a triple burden of malnutrition, due to the rapid dietary transition of the past 5 decades. Consumption of healthy traditional foods such as fish and seafood, staple root crops, coconuts and wild plants has decreased, while consumption of cereals and refined sugar has increased dramatically. This brief will provide information to establish an evidence base for the application of food and beverage taxes and complementary measures to encourage dietary substitution towards healthier, local food products in Fiji.

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