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DocumentEffects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilization on growth and physiological characteristics of Pinus densiflora seedlings under elevated temperature and CO2 concentrations
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Pinus densiflora is the most widely distributed tree species in South Korea. Its ecological and socio-cultural attributes makes it one of the most important tree species in S. Korea. In recent times however, the distribution of P. densiflora has been affected by dieback. This phenomena has largely been attributed to climate change. This study was conducted to investigate the responses of growth and physiology of P. densiflora to drought and nitrogen fertilization according to the RCP 8.5 scenario. A Temperature Gradient Chamber (TGC) and CO2- Temperature Gradient Chamber (CTGC) were used to simulate climate change conditions. The treatments were established with temperature (control versus +3 and +5°C; aCeT) and CO2 (control: aCaT versus x1.6 and x2.2; eCeT), watering (control versus drought), fertilization (control versus fertilized). Net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), biomass and soil water content (SWC) were measured to examine physiological responses and growth. Relative SWC in aCeT significantly decreased after the onset of drought. Pn and gs in both aCeT and eCeT with fertilization were high before drought yet decreased rapidly after 13 days under drought. The fastest mortality showed in aCeT but the longest survival was observed in eCeT. Total and partial biomass (leaf, stem and root) in both aCeT and eCeT with fertilization were significantly high, but significantly low in aCeT. The results of the study are helpful in addressing P. densiflora vulnerability to climate change by highlighting physiological responses related to carbon allocation under differing simlulated environmental stressors. Keywords: Climate change ID: 3621653 -
DocumentMorphological and physiological traits related to PM 2.5 reduction capacities in 13 landscaping tree species
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.With the increasing use of fossil fuels, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is emerging as a serious environmental problem worldwide. In particular, the damage caused by PM2.5 in urban areas, where industrial complexes and human activities are concentrated, is extremely problematic, posing a threat to human health. Thus, the importance of landscaping trees is increasing because of their ability to reduce PM2.5; however, there remains a lack of research on the selection of species and tree management for PM2.5 reductions. In this study, we quantified and compared the PM2.5 reduction capacities of 13 major landscaping tree species and analyzed the relationship between the physical and physiological characteristics of each species and PM2.5 reduction. Results showed that the amount of PM2.5 reduction differed among species; reduction per leaf area was the highest in Ginkgo biloba (0.127 ± 0.024 μg cm-2) and the lowest in Pinus strobus (0.0072 ± 0.0008 μg cm-2). Moreover, PM reduction by the broadleaf species (0.085 ± 0.007 μg cm-2) was approximately 9.4-fold that by the needleleaf species (0.009 ± 0.001 μg cm-2). Correlation analysis revealed that differences in PM2.5 reduction were described by specific leaf area between species (P = 0.004), and explained by the length of margin per leaf area among individual trees (P < 0.05). Additionally, reduction in PM2.5 correlated with photosynthetic properties such as maximum assimilation and carboxylation rates, indicating that PM2.5 is reduced not only by physical but also by physiological processes (P < 0.001). These findings emphasize that for effective reduction in PM2.5 through landscaping trees, comprehensive consideration of the physical and physiological characteristics of the species is essential in species selection, and that continuous management is also necessary to maintain the active physiological conditions of the trees. Keywords: Human health and well-being, Adaptive and integrated management, Landscape management ID: 3617896 -
DocumentGenetic diversity and physiological response to drought stress of Chamaecyparis obtusa from six geographical locations
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Water deficit is a critical factor obstructing the growth and survival of plant. Therefore, researchers have been trying to develop drought-resistant varieties. To find indicators of drought stress-tolerance of cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), we analyzed the response of cypress seedlings from six provenances of Korea (Jeju, Suwon, Seoul, Seongnam, Yong-in, and Osan) to drought stress. Additionally, the genetic diversity of C. obtusa from the six provenances were determined using microsatellite markers. We confirmed that populations from Suwon and Seongnam were relatively separated from other populations through genetic distance and cluster analysis. We examined their physiologic and metabolic responses after drought treatment for five weeks. Almost all of the cypress seedlings showed a reduced shoot growth rate under drought treatment compared to controls. In addition, temperature of drought treated cypress seedling leaves was 1.2-2°C higher than that of the controls. Almost all of the drought stress-treated cypress showed increased carbon metabolite contents and pigments. In particular, the cypress seedlings from Osan showed the highest increase in all of the measured metabolites. Therefore, it is suggested that the seedlings from Osan are susceptible to drought stress. Conversely, the seedlings from Jeju, Suwon, and Yong-in showed a lower sensitivity to drought treatment. These results indicate that the cypress trees from the six provenances have a different response to drought stress. In addition, it is confirmed that previously identified indicators of drought stress, especially those that measure total soluble sugar, carotenoid, and H2O2, can be used in the selection of drought resistance cypress. These findings may useful in studies concerned with the metabolic and physiological responses of young cypress to drought. Keywords: Climate change, Genetic resources, Research ID: 3618007
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