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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookHarmonized World Soil Database Version 1.1 2009
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No results found.The completion of this comprehensive harmonized soil information database will improve estimation of current and future land potential productivity, help identify land and water limitations, and enhance assessing risks of land degradation, particularly soil erosion. The HWSD contributes sound scientific knowledge for planning sustainable expansion of agricultural production and for guiding policies to address emerging land competition issues concerning food production, bio-energy demand and thre ats to biodiversity. This is of critical importance for rational natural resource management and in making progress towards achieving Millennium Development goals of eradicating hunger and poverty and addressing the food security and sustainable agricultural development, especially with regard to the threats of global climate change and the needs for adaptation and mitigation. This digitized and online accessible soil information system will allow policy makers, planners and experts to over come some of the shortfalls of data availability to address the old challenges of food production and food security and plan for new challenges of climate change and accelerated natural resources degradation. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookCountries in the Commonwealth of Independent States: Agricultural policy issues in the context of the World Trade Organization 2014
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With the disintegration of the Soviet Union 15 new countries entered the world stage. The CIS countries are very different in size, economic structure and agricultural profile. The same is true even for the smaller group of seven CIS countries that are members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). By late 2013 seven of the twelve non-Baltic ex-Soviet countries had acceded to the WTO: Armenia, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Tajikistan. Four others were in the process of WTO accession: Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Turkmenistan had started to prepare for an eventual accession process. This report examines the experience and main issues of twelve of these countries in the context of the rules and commitments in agriculture under the World Trade Organization (WTO). Three main areas under the WTO Agreement on Agriculture are examined: Market access, domestic support and export subsidies, with special focus on issues in fulfil ling domestic support obligations in the member countries. The report also touches on export restrictions in agriculture. It summarizes the scrutiny in the Committee on Agriculture of the CIS countries’ notifications and other issues raised in the Committee and introduces the WTO disputes involving CIS countries and agriculture. Finally, it offers some policy recommendations and outlines lessons learned for the accessions still underway. -
MeetingMeeting documentReport of the Twenty-first Session of the Working Party on the Management of Mountain Watersheds. Marienbad, Czech Republic, 6-11 October 1998. 1998
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