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ProjectProgramme / project reportFrom subsistence farming to sugar-canemonoculture: impacts on agrobiodiversity, local knowledge and food security
A case study of two irrigation and agricultural development projects in Swaziland
2008Also available in:
No results found.In 1999, the Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland established a 25-year national development strategy (NDS) to guide the formulation of development plans designed to eradicate poverty, create employment, and achieve gender equity, social integration and environmental protection. Consistent with the priorities and strategies identified in the NDS, the Government of Swaziland has recently begun to implement two major water irrigation projects, the Komati Downstream Development Project (KDDP) and the Lower Usuthu Smallholder Irrigation Project (LUSIP), in one of the driest and poorest areas of the country (the Lowveld). The aim of these projects is to provide irrigation to 17 500 ha of land, helping local smallholder farmers to shift from a subsistence agricultural system to cashcrop production, mainly of sugar cane. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe Impact of HIV/AIDS and Drought on Local Knowledge Systems for Agrobiodiversity and Food Security 2005
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No results found.Drought caused by poor rains in the last four seasons and a high incidence of HIV/AIDS are both long-term crises that create vicious cycles of vulnerability, poverty and food insecurity. This study was conducted to determine the effects of HIV/AIDS and drought on the local knowledge systems for agro-biodiversity and food security in Swaziland, as recent years have seen an increase in both types of disaster. The livelihoods approach was used in this study to highlight the linkages betwe en the impact of HIV/AIDS and drought on human, financial and social capital. The study found that there are numerous impacts of HIV/AIDS and drought on the different livelihood assets and the negative impacts are detrimental to food security and local knowledge for agro biodiversity. -
Book (stand-alone)Working paperBioenergy Environmental Impact Analysis (BIAS) of Ethanol Production from Sugar Cane in Tanzania 2010
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No results found.This case study demonstrates strengths and weaknesses of the Bioenergy Environmental Impact Analysis framework (BIAS) in its draft form of 2009. The evaluation was conducted on the 21 000 ha bioethanol project of SEKAB near Bagamoyo, Tanzania. The study shows that the BIAS framework is a useful tool in guiding the analysis of biofuel projects. It also underlines evidence that substantial site-specific data are required to sufficiently evaluate impact on all environmental areas: biodiversity, w ater, soil and greenhouse gases (GHG), especially soil carbon. Specific indicator values for thresholds are missing, but may be of limited usefulness in specific cases, due to necessary adaptation to local conditions.
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Book (stand-alone)High-profileState of knowledge of soil biodiversity - Status, challenges and potentialities
Report 2020
2020Also available in:
No results found.There is increasing attention to the importance of biodiversity for food security and nutrition, especially above-ground biodiversity such as plants and animals. However, less attention is being paid to the biodiversity beneath our feet, soil biodiversity, which drives many processes that produce food or purify soil and water. This report is the result of an inclusive process involving more than 300 scientists from around the world under the auspices of the FAO’s Global Soil Partnership and its Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative, and the European Commission. It presents concisely the state of knowledge on soil biodiversity, the threats to it, and the solutions that soil biodiversity can provide to problems in different fields. It also represents a valuable contribution to raising awareness of the importance of soil biodiversity and highlighting its role in finding solutions to today's global threats. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileStatus of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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No results found.The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading:
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.