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Book (series)Normative documentRisk assessment of Food Allergens – Part 3: Review and establish precautionary labelling in foods of the priority allergens
Meeting report
2023Also available in:
No results found.FAO and WHO reconvened a third meeting to review and evaluate the evidence in support of precautionary allergen labelling to address unintended allergen presence in foods. The Expert Committee at the third meeting reviewed the data on the current status and uses of the precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) and unanimously agreed that current PAL systems used in many countries needed to be improved as they were neither uniform nor informative and were not consistently risk based on amount and frequency of UAP found in food products. The Expert Committee also found that current PAL approaches led to widespread PAL that diminished information and value for consumers. The Expert Committee reviewed again the principles and basis of RfD from the second meeting and reached a consensus that the RfD for each priority allergen, as described by the HBGV and safety objectives, was a valid risk assessment endpoint for determining when sporadic or unexpected UAP posed more than appreciable risk to consumers and needed to be communicated to consumers by PAL. -
Book (series)Technical studyRisk Assessment of Food Allergens. Part 1: Review and validation of Codex Alimentarius priority allergen list through risk assessment
Meeting report
2022Also available in:
No results found.The labelling of food allergens in pre-packaged foods plays a key role in protecting food allergic individuals, as no preventative clinical treatment is currently available. The list of major foods and ingredients known to cause hypersensitivity was included into the Codex General Standard for the Labelling of Packaged Foods (GSLPF) in 1999. There have been many scientific developments in the understanding of food allergens and their management since the original drafting of the GSLPF. Thus, in response to the request from Codex for scientific advice, including current evidence of consumer understanding of allergens, FAO and WHO convened a series of three expert meetings to provide scientific advice on this subject. The purpose of the first meeting of the Ad hoc Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Risk Assessment of Food Allergens was to review and validate the Codex priority allergen list through risk assessment. This report focuses on the deliberations and conclusions of this meeting. -
Book (series)Technical studyRisk Assessment of Food Allergens. Part 2: Review and establish threshold levels in foods for the priority allergens 2022
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No results found.Knowledge of thresholds constitutes a critical requirement to assessing the risk from allergens, as they are a characteristic of the hazard that allergens present to the food-allergic population. FAO and WHO reconvened the Ad hoc Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Risk Assessment of Food Allergens for a second meeting to provide scientific advice on review and establish threshold levels in foods for the priority allergens. The expert committee concurred that the benchmark dose/probabilistic hazard assessment approach aligned most closely with the requests of the Codex Committees. After extensive discussion, the expert committee reached a consensus on reference doses (RfD) for priority allergenic foods, meeting the criterion for HBGV that they should reflect a range of exposure without appreciable health risk.
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Book (series)Working paperMap Accuracy Assessment and Area Estimation: A Practical Guide 2016
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No results found.Accurate and consistent information on forest area and forest area change is important given the reporting requirements for countries to access results based payments for REDD+ . Forest area change estimates usually provide data on the extent of human activity resulting in emissions (e.g. from deforestation) or removals (e.g. from afforestation), also called activity data (AD). A basic methodological approach to estimate greenhouse gas emissions and removals (IPCC, 2003), is to multiply AD with a coefficient that quantifies emissions per unit ‘activity’ (e.g. tCO2e per ha), also called an emission factor (EF). -
Book (stand-alone)Manual / guideGuide to context analysis informing FAO decision-making
Approaches to working in fragile and conflict-affected contexts
2019In 2018 FAO approved its Corporate Framework to Support Sustainable Peace in the Context of Agenda 2030, committing FAO to a more deliberate and transformative impact on sustaining peace, within the scope of its mandate. The foundational element for FAO supported interventions to - at a minimum - do no harm, or to identify where they may contribute to sustaining peace, is to understand contextual dynamics and how they could interact with a proposed intervention. This is essential to effective conflict-sensitive programming. The Guide to Context Analysis is a key step in operationalising this, being an accessible and practical learning tool for non-conflict specialists in FAO decentralised offices to document and institutionalise their knowledge of the local context, and thus inform conflict-sensitive design of FAO interventions. The wider objective is to minimise the risk of any negative or harmful impacts, as well as maximise any positive contributions towards strengthening and consolidating conditions for sustainable local peace. The Guide to Context Analysis is sufficiently flexible to suit a variety of potential audiences or reporting formats, including a rapid context analysis for a specific project, an area-based intervention, joint programming with other UN agencies, as well as a standalone strategic analysis to inform decentralised office planning. The Guide can be read both a standalone instructional aid on context analysis, as well as an essential precursor to FAO’s Programme Clinic approach to design conflict-sensitive interventions (comprising both a facilitators’ and participants’ guides). -
Book (series)High-profileOECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2023-2032 2023The Agricultural Outlook 2023-2032 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It brings together the commodity, policy and country expertise of both organisations as well as input from collaborating member countries to provide an annual assessment of the prospects for the coming decade of national, regional and global agricultural commodity markets. The publication consists of 11 Chapters; Chapter 1 covers agricultural and food markets; Chapter 2 provides regional outlooks and the remaining chapters are dedicated to individual commodities.