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Greenhouse gas emissions from aquaculture: a life cycle assessment of three Asian systems













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    Quantifying and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from global aquaculture
    FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 626
    2019
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    Global aquaculture makes an important contribution to food security directly (by increasing food availability and accessibility) and indirectly (as a driver of economic development). In order to enable sustainable expansion of aquaculture, we need to understand aquaculture’s contribution to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and how it can be mitigated. This study quantifies the global GHG emissions from aquaculture (excluding farming of aquatic plants) and explains how cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) could be used to appraise GHG mitigation measures. Cost-effective mitigation of GHG from aquaculture can make a direct contribution to United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 13 (Climate Action), while supporting food security (Goal 2: Zero Hunger), and economic development (Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth).
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    Improving feed conversion ratio and its impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in aquaculture 2017
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    The study (workshop presentations, proceedings, GHG tool and recommendations) was carried out to improve FCR and asses its impact on reducing GHG emissions in Aquaculture. Three major objectives of this study was to assess the current GHG contributions of aquaculture and ways to measure it, ii) explore the potential to continue reducing FCR in salmon farming and other species, and therefore improving their environmental performance including GHG and iii) explore potential transfer of feed and fe eding technologies and lessons learn from salmon farming to other freshwater species such as tilapia, carps and catfishes and marine shrimp. The findings of this study identified several factors that affect FCRs, particularly in species farmed in developing countries, which could be targeted with programs that ultimately would reduce GHG and other emissions. The study concluded that managing environmental aspects, simplifying farm management, and improving feed management, would improve FCRs and reduce GHG emissions.
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    Greenhouse gas emissions from pig and chicken supply chains – A global life cycle assessment
    A global life cycle assessment
    2013
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    The livestock sector is one of the fastest growing subsectors of the agricultural economy, and faces several unprecedented and concomitant challenges. The sector needs to respond to the increasing demands for livestock products that are arising from population growth and changing consumer preferences. It also has to adapt to changes in the economic and policy contexts, and in the natural environment upon which production depends. At the same time, it has to improve its environmental performanc e and mitigate its impact on climate. The pig sector is the biggest contributor to global meat production, with 37 percent in 2010. Chicken meat accounts for about 24 percent. Global demand for pig meat, chicken meat and chicken eggs are forecast to grow by 32 percent, 61 percent and 39 percent respectively during the period 2005-2030. If the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions intensities (emission intensity; or the kg of GHG per kg of product) of these commodities are not reduced, the increa ses in production required to meet demand will lead to proportionate increases in GHG emissions. Improving our understanding of where and why emissions arise in livestock supply chains is an important step towards identifying ways to improve efficiency and reduce emissions intensity. This report presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the GHG emissions arising from pig and chicken supply chains. It provides a detailed analysis of emissions according to region, sector and systems of product ion. In addition to informing efforts to reduce GHG emissions, it is hoped that the assessment will also help inform public debate on this important subject.

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