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DocumentOther documentLicencing and Registration of small artisanal fishing vessels in the United Republic of Tanzania 2014
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Fish are of fundamental importance to the social and economic wellbeing of the inhabitants of Tanzania. The small-scale fishery of Tanzania is one of the important economic sub sectors of the economy that makes valuable economic contribution to the coastal communities and provides rich protein food, employment, income thus contribute to their livelihood for Tanzanians, however there is growing concern of unregulated fishing in Tanzania. An initial survey of the financial support provided by the LGAs to the District Fisheries Officers (DFOs) suggested that while the DFO operational expenses are included in the annual Local Government Authorities (LGA) operational budgets, the funding was rarely forthcoming. Indeed, in 2013 only 8 – 53 percent of the proposed annual budgets that were initially allocated to fisheries management were provided to the DFOs Currently, licenses are valid for a calendar year irrespective of when in the year they were issued. Thus, all fishing licenses expire on 31st December, and they need to be renewed by 1st January. Historically, a grace period of three months has been given to the fishers (January to March) in which the vessel owners are allowed to license their vessels without being fined for not being in possession of a valid license. The DFOs usually go to the villages in December to inform the BMUs or Village Committees that the vessels and fishers need to be licensed for the coming year. Having been informed of the need to renew licenses, the DFOs usually wait for the fisheries / vessel owners to come to their offices to buy their permits, or depending upon the financial resources available, they may visit the landing sites to actively solicit license fees. -
DocumentOther documentRice-fish farming: a development lever for smallholder farming in Madagascar 2014
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Madagascar is one of the poorest countries in the world and one of the top three countries considered the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change exacerbated by deforestation, natural disasters, chronic poverty, a high dependency on agriculture and a lack of adaptability. Madagascar ranks 154th (out of 185 countries) in the Human Development Index (UNDP 2015), having dropped 19 places between 2010 and 2014 reflecting a difficult internal economic, political and social situation. In fact , according to international thresholds, the poverty rate is 91 per cent (INSTAT/ENSOMD 2012- 2013). According to the national poverty line, 71.5 per cent of Malagasy people are poor and 52.7 per cent are extremely poor, meaning that their resources do not allow them to meet their basic food needs. Poverty in Madagascar is predominantly a rural phenomenon mainly affecting farmers, given that almost 77 per cent of the working population is involved in agriculture. Poverty also comes with another reality, that of the prominence of malnutrition. More than 40 per cent of infant mortality is caused by malnutrition; 47.3 per cent of children under the age of five suffer from acute malnutrition and the overall rate of acute malnutrition is 8.3 per cent (INSTAT/ENSOMD 2012-2013). Chronic malnutrition in children results in irreversible delays in physical and cognitive growth that are part of the vicious circle of poverty. Madagascar lost 14.5 per cent of its gross national product in 2013 beca use of malnutrition, amounting to 1,533.6 million US dollars and 66 per cent of working-age adults (15-64 years) suffered from stunting as a child, representing 8,287,508 people who were unable to reach their true potential1. In response to this challenge a project was launched in 2014 aimed at accelerating the spread of carp aquaculture2 in the rice fields of Madagascar’s Highlands (rice-fish culture) in the regions of Haute Matsiatra, Vakinankaratra, Itasy and Amoron’i Mania. The immediate obj ective of this project is to develop an innovative, inexpensive and far-reaching training circuit in rural areas. Secondary objectives are to both reduce household poverty by providing a source of income and contributing to the reduction of malnutrition through a targeted increase in the availability and consumption of fish. Rice-fish integration makes it possible to optimize the use of land and water resources, in addition to other available facilities, with little investment by combining the p roduction of plant and animal products. Ricefish farming can increase rice yields by 10 to 30 per cent and produce fish with an average yield of 205 kg/ha. In Madagascar, the actual production of fish in rice fields is an estimated 3-5,000 MT per year, but this could go up to 30 to 50,000 MT per year in 30 years with the expected impacts of combatting malnutrition and rural poverty. -
DocumentOther documentIndian Ocean Commission's Regional Fisheries and Aquaculture Strategy (2015-2025) 2014
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Fishery resources are one of the most important resources available to the countries of the Eastern and Southern Africa - Indian Ocean (ESA-IO) region in general and the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) countries in particular, of great value to their food and nutritional security, livelihoods and economic growth requirements. Two main categories of resources coexist: tuna (and associated) resources and other resources (demersal fish, crustaceans, molluscs and small pelagics). Commonly identified t ransnational and non-transnational fishing resources include tuna, lobsters, shrimps, crabs, bivalves, octopus, trepangs, sharks, reef species and small pelagics (e.g. mackerel). Coastal resources are considered to be over-exploited. Tuna resources, for the most part, do not show obvious signs of overexploitation, although this does not exclude the need for a precautionary approach to their management.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileStatus of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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No results found.The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading: