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Fish for life: nutrition and development in Eastern Africa and Western Indian Ocean









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    Licencing and Registration of small artisanal fishing vessels in the United Republic of Tanzania 2014
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    Fish are of fundamental importance to the social and economic wellbeing of the inhabitants of Tanzania. The small-scale fishery of Tanzania is one of the important economic sub sectors of the economy that makes valuable economic contribution to the coastal communities and provides rich protein food, employment, income thus contribute to their livelihood for Tanzanians, however there is growing concern of unregulated fishing in Tanzania. An initial survey of the financial support provided by the LGAs to the District Fisheries Officers (DFOs) suggested that while the DFO operational expenses are included in the annual Local Government Authorities (LGA) operational budgets, the funding was rarely forthcoming. Indeed, in 2013 only 8 – 53 percent of the proposed annual budgets that were initially allocated to fisheries management were provided to the DFOs Currently, licenses are valid for a calendar year irrespective of when in the year they were issued. Thus, all fishing licenses expire on 31st December, and they need to be renewed by 1st January. Historically, a grace period of three months has been given to the fishers (January to March) in which the vessel owners are allowed to license their vessels without being fined for not being in possession of a valid license. The DFOs usually go to the villages in December to inform the BMUs or Village Committees that the vessels and fishers need to be licensed for the coming year. Having been informed of the need to renew licenses, the DFOs usually wait for the fisheries / vessel owners to come to their offices to buy their permits, or depending upon the financial resources available, they may visit the landing sites to actively solicit license fees.
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    Indian Ocean Commission's Regional Fisheries and Aquaculture Strategy (2015-2025) 2014
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    Fishery resources are one of the most important resources available to the countries of the Eastern and Southern Africa - Indian Ocean (ESA-IO) region in general and the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) countries in particular, of great value to their food and nutritional security, livelihoods and economic growth requirements. Two main categories of resources coexist: tuna (and associated) resources and other resources (demersal fish, crustaceans, molluscs and small pelagics). Commonly identified t ransnational and non-transnational fishing resources include tuna, lobsters, shrimps, crabs, bivalves, octopus, trepangs, sharks, reef species and small pelagics (e.g. mackerel). Coastal resources are considered to be over-exploited. Tuna resources, for the most part, do not show obvious signs of overexploitation, although this does not exclude the need for a precautionary approach to their management.
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    Joint Operations in Lake Victoria to reduce IUU fishing 2014
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    Lake Victoria, Africa’s largest lake, is arguably the most important single source of freshwater fish on the African continent, contributing significantly to national and regional economies and the livelihoods of an estimated three million inhabitants of the three countries bordering its shores, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Nile perch was introduced to the lake in the 1950s and increased in biomass to such an extent that it decimated the lake’s endemic fish community and became the most important fish species in the lake, forming the basis of a lucrative commercial fishery. The Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization (LVFO) was formed in 1994 to jointly manage the Lake’s fisheries resources on behalf of the three partner States, but nevertheless Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing have had a continued impact on Nile perch. Its Biomass peaked at around 2.3 million tonnes in 1999 and accounted for 92% of total fish biomass but fell to less than 300,000 tonnes in 2008. Moreover, the average length of Nile perch has declined from 51.7 cm to 26.6 cm, as recorded in 2008, significantly below the required minimum size of 50 cm for export.

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