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MeetingMeeting documentCalcium lignosulfonate (40-65) - 69th Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) Meeting - Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA), 2008 2008
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MeetingMeeting documentCalcium Silicate - 80th Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) Meeting - Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA), 2015 2015
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No results found.Calcium silicate (INS 552) is a hydrous or anhydrous silicate with varying proportions of calcium as calcium oxide, and silicon as silicon dioxide. It is prepared by various reactions between siliceous material (e.g. diatomaceous earth) and natural calcium compounds (e.g. lime with varying proportions of other elements, such as magnesium, etc.). It is used as an anticaking agent and a filter aid. Specifications for calcium silicate were prepared at the 17th JECFA (1973) and an ADI “not specified ” for silicon dioxide and certain silicates including calcium silicate was established at the 29th JECFA (1985). Metals and arsenic specifications were revised at the 57th JECFA (2001). At the 76th JECFA (2012), the Committee, while reviewing the specifications for food additives containing aluminium and/or silicon, considered it relevant to update the test methods for the determination of aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide. The Committee also noted that the specifications of some additives, in cluding calcium silicate, were rather old and that additional information would be required to revise the specifications. -
MeetingMeeting documentPullulan - 65th Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) Meeting - Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA) 2005 2005
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookMore people, more food… worse water? - Water Pollution from Agriculture: a global review 2018
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No results found.Current patterns of agricultural expansion and intensification are bringing unprecedented environmental externalities, including impacts on water quality. While water pollution is slowly starting to receive the attention it deserves, the contribution of agriculture to this problem has not yet received sufficient consideration. We need a much better understanding of the causes and effects of agricultural water pollution as well as effective means to prevent and remedy the problem. In the existing literature, information on water pollution from agriculture is highly dispersed. This repost is a comprehensive review and covers different agricultural sectors (including crops, livestock and aquaculture), and examines the drivers of water pollution in these sectors as well as the resulting pressures and changes in water bodies, the associated impacts on human health and the environment, and the responses needed to prevent pollution and mitigate its risks. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021.