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BookletGuidelineCountry guidelines and technical specifications for global soil nutrient and nutrient budget maps
GSNmap: Phase 1
2022Also available in:
No results found.The "Country Guidelines provides guidance and technical specifications for the first phase of the GSNmap initiative which aims to generate national maps of soil nutrients and associated soil properties at 250 m resolution for agricultural lands based on a country–driven approach. On the one hand, soil nutrient maps will provide a baseline for identifying areas where their levels are critical for crop growth and will thus serve as an important decision–making tool. On the other hand, associated soil parameters such as organic carbon, pH, soil texture, bulk density, and cation exchange capacity will be mapped, which can highlight the key limits to nutrient availability. In order to obtain consistent results and to allow comparisons between countries and regions, we propose a standard methodology based on digital soil mapping techniques. General modelling procedures, data requirements and data sources are described. The final product specifications and data submission formats are also provided. The final product will be relevant to identify the level of nutrients and associated soil properties per regions, environments and agricultural systems, and to establish priorities for the implementation of global and national public and private policies. -
DocumentOther documentPopulus deltoides windbreak: its robust status in wheat production and soil nutrients in Indo-gangetic plains of northern India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Agroforestry systems (AFS) with fast-growing woody crops such as poplar (Populus deltoides) are increasingly integrated into agricultural land because it is considered as a sustainable agricultural practice that combines primary production with other ecosystem services (ES). To optimize the efficiency of AFS, the suggestion is to develop well modified tree-crop integration by limiting competition for resources and capitalize on the coactions. However, yield data of various wheat varieties in AFS are inadequate, in particular for Populus deltoides windbreak at a age of four and five year old plantation. Here we focused on winter wheat varieties (WH-1105, HD-2967 and HD-943) during two consecutive years (2017-2019) comprising delimited by a row of deciduous poplar trees in East-West and North-South directions (East-West tree line divide farmlands into two aspects i.e. Northern and Southern and North-South tree line divide into Eastern and western aspect). While effects on crop produce were limited for all wheat varieties with the increasing distance from tree line, however, five years old poplar planted on field bunds exhibited significant reduction up to 3 m in grain yield of wheat from tree line for all the wheat varieties. The highest available soil N (210.5 kg ha–1), P (15.3 kg ha–1) and K (280.2 kg ha–1) were recorded near tree line at a distance of 3 m. To optimize the provisioning service of poplar windbreak AFS, the cultivation of highly shade tolerant wheat variety HD-2967 may be advisable over other wheat varieties towards the end of the rotation of poplar windbreak AFS. Keywords: Adaptive and integrated management, Food systems, Agriculture, Climate change, Human health and well-being ID: 3486118
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (series)Working paperAnalysis of food demand and supply across the rural–urban continuum for selected countries in Africa
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023
2023Also available in:
No results found.This background paper to The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023 analyses a key element of agrifood systems transformation: the change of patterns in food supply and demand. Several studies have discussed this topic, but the current one takes an innovative perspective of analysis, considering these changes with a spatial perspective using the urban rural catchment areas (URCA) approach to analyse changes in food expenditure across the rural–urban continuum, using Living Standards Measurement Studies (LSMS) of 11 African countries. The analysis is preceded by a literature review of agrifood value chains transformation stages, drivers and current situation, focused in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and is followed by a macro review of food supply around the world and a “macro-meso” review of the supply of wheat and rice in two African countries. The conclusions shows that most food is purchased in all households across the rural–urban continuum, even in rural areas, breaking with the “myth” of rural subsistence farming in Africa. In addition, the results show a diffusion of the consumption of processed foods, including in a lesser extent highly processed foods, all across the rural–urban continuum, and not only in rural areas. From a food supply perspective, the low global availability of foods that are part of a healthy diet, as fruits, vegetables and legumes, nuts and seeds calls for increasing efforts for producing more nutritious foods in all countries of the world. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.