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Book (series)Why Law Matters: Design Principles for Strengthening the Role of Forestry Legislation in Reducing Illegal Activities and Corrupt Practices 2002
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No results found.The damage caused by illegal activities and corrupt practices in the world’s forests is a problem of enormous proportions. In many parts of the world, forest exploitation is dominated by rampant illegal harvesting, large-scale violation of trade regulations both domestically and internationally, fraudulent practices abetted or condoned by government officials and other destructive activities in violation of applicable laws. This paper is concerned with one facet of this complex problem–h ow important is legislation in the fight against destructive and corrupt forestry practices? In this short paper, we explore ways in which the drafting of forestry legislation – both in terms of the substantive content of law and the process by which it is written – can facilitate or obstruct efforts toreduce illegal activities. We propose several legislative design principles that have special relevance to the problems of corruption and law enforcement in the forestry sector. -
Book (stand-alone)The use of warehouse receipt finance in agriculture in transition countries. 2009
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If agriculture is to contribute to the development of the economy, and farmers are not to be left behind, then agriculture needs a proper credit system. Post-harvest credit in the form of warehouse receipt finance has proved to be a critical component for agriculture sector growth in emerging economies. Efficient warehouse receipt finance allows farmers to avoid selling directly after harvest, when prices are depressed. It encourages storage by reducing the cost and by increasing liquidi ty in entire commodity chains, which in turn reduces price volatility. By giving farmers access to a new financing tool, it enhances their ability and incentives to invest in production. This paper discusses the state of warehouse receipt finance in countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA), and possibilities for enhancing its use. It describes legal and regulatory issues that need to be resolved, and how the international community can help in the process. Annex 1 summarizes some experiences with warehouse receipt finance in Africa and Asia. It is hoped that this paper will encourage all those interested in agricultural development in ECA and other regions to improve the conditions for and use of warehouse receipt finance, and that it will assist them in doing so. -
Book (series)The Use of Warehouse Receipt Finance in Agriculture in Transition Countries 2013
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This study discusses possibilities for warehouse receipt finance in the agribusiness sectors in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA). Warehouse receipt financing is a proven instrument for allowing farmers, traders, processors and exporters to obtain finance secured by goods deposited in a warehouse. The warehouse operator issues a receipt for the stored goods, which can be used as a form of portable collateral to request a loan from a financial institution. Warehouse receipt financ ing is especially interesting for rural small and medium enterprises, which are often unable to secure their borrowing requirements owing to lack of sufficient conventional loan collateral. Warehouse receipt finance has a long tradition in many Western countries and in parts of the developing world, but in most ECA countries it has only been introduced since the collapse of the Soviet system. So far, results have been mixed and there remains considerable scope for enhancing warehouse receipt financing. Despite several donor-supported initiatives to introduce a legal framework and other elements of a warehouse receipt system, and practical applications of collateralized commodity financing by international and domestic banks in various ECA countries, little consolidated and up-to-date information is available on experiences, current status in different countries and lessons learned. This study contributes to closing the gap. Part 1 provides an overview of the dif ferent types and applications of warehouse receipt finance and discusses key issues and the core elements of a warehouse receipt financing system. Part 2 reviews experiences and the current status of warehouse receipt financing in a number of ECA countries and sets out possible areas for further support.
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