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China: recycling of organic wastes in agriculture. Report on an FAO/UNDP study tour to the People's Republic of China, 28 April - 24 May 1977

FAO Soils Bulletin 40










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    Technical report
    China: azolla propagation and small-scale biogas technology. Report on an FAO/UNDP study tour to the People's Republic of China, 21 May - 11 June 1978
    FAO Soils Bulletin 41
    1978
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    The Study Tour was financed by the UNDP and had the following objectives. To gain knowledge and experience in: - The multiplication of Azolla as a source of biological nitrogen, particular attention being paid to propagation of Azolla and its protection form disease, insect damage and adverse climatic conditions. - Harvesting and agricultural use of Azolla. - Contruction of small-scale biogas units. - Management of biogas units and efficient use of the gas by farming communities and of the effluents for improving soil fertility
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    Technical study
    Organic materials and soil productivity in the Near East. Papers presented at the FAO/SIDA Workshop on the Use of Organic Materials for Improving Soil Productivity in the Near East. Alexandria (Egypt), 9 Oct 1978
    FAO Soils Bulletin 45
    1982
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    This Bulletin contains the papers and proceedings of the FAO/SIDA Workshop on Organic Materials and Soil Productivity in the Near East. In view of the important complementary effect of organic materials to mineral fertilizers and their role in improving the soil?s physical properties, the Workshop has dealt with a wide variety of items on techniques and uses of the organic materials and wastes including, composting, bio-fertilizers and biogas, the environmental and health aspects, and action g uidelines for follow-up activities in the Near East countries. The purpose of this Workshop was to promote and maintain interest in the use of organic materials for improving soil productivity in the Near East Region and to assist Member Countries in developing action programmes to achieve these goals. The proceedings of the workshop present sound recommendations, the implementation of which would assist in improving the soil productivity, raising crop production levels and producing a bette r quality of life.
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    Organic recycling in Africa. Papers presented at the FAO/SIDA Workshop on the Use of Organic Materials as Fertilizers in Africa, Buea, Cameroon, 5-14 December 1977
    FAO Soils Bulletin 43
    1980
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    Policy makers as well as scientists have started to acquire an honest appreciation of the possibilities of reducing the wastage of materials which could be profitably utilized for improving or maintaining soil productivity. In addition, the great opportunities offered by making more efficient use of the potentials of biological nitrogen fixation in farming systems are now fully recognized. A number of recommendations and suggested guidelines were made by the various Working Groups during the t wo-week Workshop. These covered: 1- Cropping systems and crop residue management 2- Biological N-fixation 3- Research, training and extension. A central theme much emphasized at the Workshop was the fact that agricultural policy makers, technicians and scientists need to study more closely the basic practices of the small farmers so that proposal for the introduction of new systems could be easily understood, integrated and accepted by these farmers.

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    The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
    Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
    2021
    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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    The International Institute of Agriculture and the dissemination of statistical information concerning the staples of agriculture 1905
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    Paper for the International Statistical Congress, August 3, 1905, London. 1. draft
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    Corporate general interest
    Emissions due to agriculture
    Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
    2021
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    The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.