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Book (series)Working paperLeveraging social protection to advance climate-smart agriculture: evidence from Malawi 2021
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No results found.In many developing countries the adoption of climate sustainable practices is hindered by resource and risk barriers. This paper assesses the interactions between participation in Malawi’s largest public works programme, the Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF), and three widely promoted climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices. The underlying hypotheses to be tested are: (a) that participation in the MASAF programme reduce both the budget and the risk constraints to the adoption of sustainable management practices; and (b) the joint treatment effect of MASAF and CSA increases household farms’ productivity and welfare. Drawing on three waves of national panel household survey data, we find that participation in MASAF significantly increases the probability that farm households adopt all the CSA practices considered for this study. -
Book (series)Policy briefLeveraging social protection programmes to advance climate-smart agriculture in Malawi
FAO Agricultural Development Economics Policy Brief No. 21
2020Also available in:
No results found.This brief details the three functional elements of climate vulnerability: risk exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, in order to assess the interactions between participation in Malawi’s largest public works programme, the Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF) and three widely promoted climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices. Using three waves of national panel household survey data, we find that participation in MASAF significantly increases the likelihood that farm households adopt CSA practices. This suggests that MASAF participation improves farmers’ adaptive capacity by reducing direct and indirect constraints to adopting climate adaptive farm practices. Moreover, we empirically demonstrate that the joint treatment effect of MASAF participation in combination with the adoption of CSA practices generates greater and more consistent positive impacts on farm welfare than the standalone impacts of the treatments. This is indicative of synergies between social protection and agricultural interventions. Finally, we show that under extreme dry conditions the short term standalone adoption of CSA practices does not generate positive impacts on farm and household outcomes. However, when combined with MASAF participation, and particularly when the CSA practice is adopted for multiple years, evidence of positive impacts is found. These findings provide empirical evidence on the importance of multi-sectoral approaches that link agricultural interventions with social protection to address the climate vulnerability of resource poor farmers. -
Policy briefPolicy briefLocal efforts for ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction and resilient forest livelihoods in the mountain watersheds of the Philippines
Policy brief
2024Also available in:
No results found.This policy brief explores the willingness of local authorities to strengthen adaptation and resilience to climate change while improving social well-being and economic development. It presents forest restoration and sustainable agricultural practices, institutionalized yet led by communities, as effective methods for reducing risks, improving the resilience of farmer communities and ensuring sustainable livelihoods. It builds on the experience of the Municipality of Tublay, Benguet Province, in the inclusion of ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction (Eco DRR) in communal forest management through restoration and agroforestry activities that support local livelihoods.
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Book (series)Manual / guideManual on fertilizer statistics 1991
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No results found.This manual is intended to give a broad description of the fertilizer market and to serve as a guide concerning the statistical methodology for the collection, compilation, processing, and analysis of national statistics on mineral fertilizers. It is hoped that the manual will be of use to national statistical offices and will contribute to the improvement of the quality and availability of fertilizer statistics in the various countries. It should be seen as a reference document for the training of national staff, seminars, workshops, etc. The Statistics Division of FAO and the Regional Office for the Near East collaborated in producing this document. -
DocumentOther documentData collection and analysis tools for food security and nutrition
Towards enhancing effective, inclusive, evidence-informed, decision making
2022Food is a fundamental human right, yet too many people in the world do not have secure access to the food they need. High-quality data and their accurate analysis are essential to design, monitor and evaluate effective food security and nutrition (FSN) policies. Data are also fundamental to ensure accountability of government policies and to monitor their implementation and impact. The data revolution, driven by new technologies, is increasing exponentially the volume and types of data available. This provides great opportunities for informing and transforming food systems, but also presents new challenges which, if not properly tackled, can deepen inequalities. This report presents the inherent complexity and multiple dimensions of FSN data collection, analysis and use – including economic, social, institutional, political, legal and technical dimensions; the types of users involved and the numerous and diverse purposes for which data may be used in food security and nutrition efforts, as well as the extant challenges. The report also advances actionable recommendations to enhance the contribution that data can make to ensuring food security and nutrition for all. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.