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Comparative performance of Sonali chickens, commercial broilers, layers and local non-descript (deshi) chickens in selected areas of Bangladesh












FAO. 2015. Comparative performance of Sonali chickens, commercial broilers, layers and local non-descript (deshi) chickens in selected areas of Bangladesh. Animal Production and Health Working Paper. No. 14. Rome.


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    In order to minimize the potential spread of emerging infectious and zoonotic diseases and provide products that are safe, healthy, wholesome and halal, commercial layer farms in Indonesia need to ensure that they have good farm management practices, biosecurity, and animal health protocols in place on their farms. Good management and biosecurity can also provide positive environmental outcomes and maintain the health and financial viability of farm owners and workers. In response to this, the Food and Agriculture Organization – Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (FAO ECTAD) Indonesia and the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health Services (DGLAHS) developed a tool to assess the management of small to medium size layer farms. The layer farm assessment tool (LFAT) evaluates the farm activities and characteristics and provides an objective measure of farm management and biosecurity. Not only does it allow comparison of farms but it also can be used by advisory staff to suggest improvements in order to reach the quality expected of HPAI-free compartmentalization farms and receive NKV (veterinary certification) farm accreditation. The LFAT is adapted from the HPAI-free certification examination check list used by the Directorate of Animal Health (DAH, DGL&AHS). HPAI-free compartment certification is an assessment standard for poultry farms under Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture regulation No.28/Permentan/OT.140/5/2008. The adaptation is to ensure that this tool is particularly relevant to small and medium-scale layer farms. The LFAT consists of 50 sub-components amalgamated into three components - farm management, biosecurity and poultry health management. Sub-components and hence components, are ranked on a scale of zero to five with a score of 4 and above classified as ‘good’. A score between 3 and 4 as ‘average’ and below 3, the sub-component is regarded as ‘poor’. The LFAT was piloted in Blitar (East Java), Kendal (Central Java) and Purbalingga districts (Central Java) in order to test its usefulness and applicability to layer farms. The LFAT has proved to be useful in providing an objective measure on which to base advisor and farmer training programs that lead to improved farm management, reduction in disease spread and more efficient value chains and vaccination programs. It can also be used as the measuring tool for farmers to move towards NKV and HPAI-free compartmentalization certification.
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    The trend to urban and peri-urban livestock keeping is known in many developing and plays an important role in food security and livelihoods but can also pose a risk to the health of people. This development can be exemplified by the growing Kenyan small to medium-scale commercial poultry meat systems that rely on live bird markets and commonly have low biosecurity compliance. Although the relevant policy and legal biosecurity frameworks exists, enforcement actions are still piecemeal. There is the need to create an enabling environment where public authorities and private sector stakeholders, such as producers, traders, slaughterers, transport and market actors, collaborate and complement more effectively. The current policy brief sheds light on the current situation in Kiambu and Nairobi city counties and suggests an approach to improve biosecurity and broiler business in Kenya.
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    The poultry sector is changing rapidly and especially commercial small and medium-scale broiler production in and around cities has increased greatly over the past decades. This trend has public health implications as transforming livestock systems in densely populated areas can drive the emergence of infectious diseases. Sanitation, hygiene and related biosecurity practices provide the foundation upon which a sustainable transformation of the poultry sector can take place. However, the compliance with certain standards by stakeholders is not only a matter of laws and regulations but also of their incentives to comply with them. Producers, for example, are more likely to adopt biosecurity practices when they are convinced of their economic viability and positive impact on their business. This brief presents an approach from the poultry sector in Egypt that explored biosecurity related win-win solutions for both public and private stakeholders.

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