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An assessment of the performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fed simple non-vitamin-supplemented pelleted diets







New, M.B.; Boonyaratpalin, M.; Vorasayan, P.; Intarapichate, S. 1980. (An) assessment of the performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fed simple non-vitamin-supplemented pelleted diets. 27 p.


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    The Cuban government wish to expand the tourist industry as a sorce of much needed foreign exchange. Opportunites to supply and support the industry are actively being sought and include the provision of fish and shellfish foods from fisheries and aquaculture to supply the hotel and restaurant enterprises throughout the designated tourist areas. The culture of the Giant Freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) is one such Trials are being made with pond reared stock using three methods to improve breeding; i) eyestalk ablation; ii) photoperiod manipulation; iii) artificial insemination. In the hatchery larvae are fed algae followed by minced clam, squid, marine fish and Artemia but Nippai prepared feeds are also used. A nursery phase is employed lasting 30–40 days which takes the shrimp from 5–10 day old post-larvae to 0.5 to 1.0 g juveniles. Stocking rate is 100/sq m but trials, have been made with 1000–2000 in 70 t tanks. In the on-growing phase shrimp are stocked at 5/m2, feed is given at from 15 to 2.5% per day and salinity is 25%. Feed costs around 200–250 pesos per tonne and contains squid, shrimp meal (from processed P. schmitti caught at sea) and zeolite. Problems with unstable artificial feed are common. Production is around 400–500 kg/ha/cycle and at present there are 1.6 to 1.7 cycles/yr. Newness of the ponds, inexperience and climatic changes are constraints on production. Early trials with P. notialis were not encouraging as growth stopped at 6–8 g, howev er new trials may be undertaken.
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    Selection and inbreeding of cultivated Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Thailand 1980
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    This consultant's report was written in Bangkok under the sponsorship of FAO/UNDP project THA: 75/008, “Programme for the Expansion of Freshwater Prawn Farming in Thailand”. The report is based on biological data collected during November and December of 1980, on published material and on discussions with the staff of Bangpakong Fisheries Station, Chachoengsao province. Conclusions on inbreeding: In theory, a small hatchery-farm combination in Thailand could suffer a decrease in productivity o f up to 34% after about 7 years of inbreeding, but this is easily avoidable if such hatcheries occasionally exchange spawners and post-larvae. Hatcheries producing 1 million post-larvae or more per year will have no inbreeding problems. Conclusions on selection: Chachoengsao hatchery has been selecting large females as broodstock when practicable, but because spawners are often taken after the first harvest this selection has not been maximally efficient. Three alternative plans are suggested for increasing the intensity of growthrate selection. With an assumed heritability of 0.15 to 0.35, the most efficient controlled-breeding procedure might increase growth rate by up to 55% per year (if growth-rate variability is not unduly affected by behavioural interactions). Other plans are less efficient but easier to implement. A selection program should be initiated because the potential rewards appear to be great.

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