Synopsis (short abstract)The second meeting of the Committee on Compliance of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture was held in Rome from 21 to 22 February 2017. The Compliance Committee was established by Resolution 3/2006 of the Governing Body, pursuant to Articles 19.3e and 21 of the International Treaty. This report describes the work undertaken by the Compliance Committee during the current biennium in exercising its function to assist the Governing Body in monitoring implemen tation by Contracting Parties under the International Treaty, on the basis of reports of the Contracting Parties in accordance with Section V of the Compliance Procedures. Accordingly, the Committee prepared a synthesis based on the reports received, along with an analysis. The Committee noted that for the analysis, the Governing Body had not set any priorities.