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Strengthening digital agricultural extension and advisory services in smallholder farming








FAO. 2023. Strengthening digital agricultural extension and advisory services in smallholder farming. Rome.



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    Book (stand-alone)
    Guide on digital agricultural extension and advisory services
    Use of smartphone applications by smallholder farmers
    2023
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    Digital agricultural extension and advisory services (AEAS) have a great potential to enhance accessibility, delivery, transparency, scope and impacts of information and services for smallholder farmers. However, this potential is often unfully harnessed and the benefits of digital AEAS unequally distributed due to an evident, widening digital divide between rural and urban areas, gender, and different social groups both within and among regions. Due to low-level e-literacy and digital skills, particularly smallholder farmers in rural areas in developing countries have limited access to and utilization of digital AEAS. Considering the above-mentioned benefits of digital AEAS, their poor uptake by smallholder farmers, and the importance of digital empowerment of smallholder farmers in particular, this guide, targeting smallholder farmers in need of digital AEAS as its principal users, provides a set of tools to enhance their digital skills in terms of basic knowledge and skills on using digital tools, methods of access to digital AEAS, methods of access to e-commerce, and capacity building.
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    Policy brief
    Empowering smallholder farmers to access digital agricultural extension and advisory services 2021
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    Smallholder farmers face a variety of challenges and capacity gaps in accessing digital agricultural extension and advisory services (AEAS). Recent studies have revealed that smallholder farmers’ low digital literacy, along with insufficient digital human capital development and infrastructure investments in rural areas, has become paramount barriers and constraints for them to access and effectively realize the potential of digital AEAS. Therefore, smallholder farmers need to be empowered by innovative approaches to enable them to access digital AEAS and achieve economic, environmental, and social gains sustainably, thus leaving no one behind in the era of digital technology advancements.
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    Policy brief
    Reforming and strengthening public agricultural extension and advisory service systems in smallholder farming 2021
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    This policy brief is aimed to serve as a framework for policy-makers to formulate and tailor reform policies of public EAS systems. To this end, it provides a set of priority areas of reform action, including reviewing and assessing existing public EAS systems; strengthening legal and policy frameworks; reforming mandates of public agricultural EAS; ensuring essential public EAS services accessible; enhancing downward accountability of public EAS; strengthening multi-stakeholder coordination; developing an effective human resource development system; sustaining the adequacy of financial resources; investing in a continued way; and monitoring and evaluating the performance of public EAS systems.

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