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Review of methodology on climate change impact and vulnerability assessment for application to the forest sector in Republic of Korea: The first step for mainstreaming adaptation in forest sector

XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022










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    The change in forest productivity and stand-dynamics under climate change in East Asian temperate forests: A case study from South Korean forests
    XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
    2022
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    The velocity and impact of climate change on forest appear to be site, environment, and tree species-specific.The primary objective of this research is to assess the changes in productivity of major temperate tree species in South Korea using terrestrial inventory and satellite remote sensing data. The area covered by each tree species was further categorized into either lowland forest (LLF) or high mountain forest (HMF) and investigated. We used the repeated Korean national forest inventory (NFI) data to calculate a stand-level annual increment (SAI). We then compared the SAI, a ground-based productivity measure, to MODIS net primary productivity (NPP) as a measure of productivity based on satellite imagery. In addition, the growth index of each increment core, which eliminated the effect of tree age on radial growth, was derived as an indicator of the variation of productivity by tree species over the past four decades. Based on these steps, we understand the species- and elevation-dependent dynamics. The secondary objective is to predict the forest dynamics under climate change using the Perfect Plasticity Approximation with Simple Biogeochemistry (PPA- SiBGC) model. The PPA-SiBGC is an analytically tractable model of forest dynamics, defined in terms of parameters for individual trees, including allometry, growth, and mortality. We estimated these parameters for the major species by using NFI and increment core data. We predicted forest dynamics using the following time-series metrics: Net ecosystem exchange, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, C, soil respiration, and relative abundance. We then focus on comparing the impact of climate change on LLF and HMF. The results of our study can be used to develop climate-smart forest management strategies to ensure that both LLF and HMF continue to be resilient and continue to provide a wide range of ecosystem services in the Eastern Asian region. Keywords: mountain forests, lowland forests, increment core, national forest inventory, MODIS NPP ID: 3486900
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    Sectoral coordination of forest management policy in North Korean legal system
    XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
    2022
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    This study aims at understanding policy coordination between the forest sector and non-forest sector for forest management in the overall North Korean laws. It investigates forest policies revealed in the North Korean legal system by searching for forest-related keywords in 239 North Korean Acts. This study focuses on two main goals through the content analysis ethodology. First, it aims to analyze the connection between the Forest Act and non-forest Acts (e.g., Energy Act, Water Resource Management Act, Environment Act, etc.) in terms of forest policy and forest management. Second, the study classifies the categories of forest-related keywords in North Korean Acts based on the four forest ecosystem services (provisioning, supporting, regulating, and cultural services). The research first extracts forest-related keywords in North Korean laws by using the Unification Law Database offered by the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Unification in South Korea. Through extracting and categorizing keywords of Acts, this study examines the state of North Korean forest management from a macroscopic viewpoint: the functions of forests that North Korea emphasizes and the forest management issues in law and regulations. Research findings provide a better understanding of the sectoral coordination of forest management policy in the North Korean legal system towards a sustainable society. Keywords: North Korea(DPRK), North Korean Forest, Forest Policy, Legal Analysis, Ecosystem Services ID: 3621727
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    Development of country specific emission factors for reporting GHG inventory in the forestry sector
    XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
    2022
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    Forest is recognized by the UNFCCC as carbon pool and removal source of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and the IPCC guidelines classify carbon pool in the LULUCF sector as above- and below-ground biomass, dead organic matter(DOM), soil organic matter(SOM), and harvested wood products(HWP). IPCC recommends developing and applying country specific emission factors(CSEFs) in consideration of the environmental characteristics of each country, and recognizes them as Tier 2 levels when applying CSEFs. This study was conducted to develop CSEFs for each carbon pool in Korea. To develop CSEFs, a total of 150 sample sites with a minimum sample size(>30) for each CSEF were collected by forest biomass and soil carbon survey standard guideline. For uncertainty assessment, the methodology presented in IPCC guidelines was evaluated. As a result, 60 CSEFs for biomass (including biomass conversion factor, biomass expansion factor and root ratio), 50 CSEFs for DOM and SOM, and 72 CSEFs for deadwood by decay classes were developed for major tree species which covered about 70% of Korean forests. The carbon fraction of deadwoods was 47-51%, which was no significant among tree species. in the caes of litter, Korean pine and Korean red pine were relatively higher than other species. The carbon fraction of soil was analyzed at 1.5 to 2.8%, and the carbon content of non-conifer tree species(2.4 to 2.8%) was higher than that of conifer tree species(1.5% to 2.0%). The uncertainty assessment showed that uncertainty of carbon conversion factor in the SOM was higher than that in the DOM, which is attributed to large variations in the amount of carbon flowing into the soil due to the inflow of DOM and their chemical composition differences. Carbon fractions for SOM and DOM developed in this study showed similar to those results in the fifth National Forest Inventory, with uncertainties similar to those in other countries. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Climate change ID: 3623158

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