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Mid-term evaluation of the project “Delivering sustainable environmental, social and economic benefits in West Africa through good governance, correct incentives and innovation”

Project code: GCP/RAF/837/GFF - GEF ID: 9126














Annex 1. Terms of reference

Management response


FAO. 2021. Mid-term evaluation of the project “Delivering sustainable environmental, social and economic benefits in West Africa through good governance, correct incentives and innovation”. Project Evaluation Series, 10/2021. Rome.



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    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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    Women have traditionally played a role in water conflict resolution in rural areas. The most transformative change the project has achieved is the institutionalization of this role through the Water User Associations (WUAs) so that women gain further acceptance within their communities. The evaluation found that FAO and IOM should further explore the catalytic effect of this project in sustaining local peace prospects, particularly with an enhanced role for women in conflict resolution, and should build a necessary link to the national peacebuilding efforts. This could be done through a cascading programming, i.e. two-three PBF projects to be designed and implemented sequentially so they can have a better chance to contribute to higher order outcomes. The successful resolution of water conflicts and the restoration of water infrastructure through the CfW component had a direct effect on increased crop production and income of farmers. The measures in place to promote the sustainability of the project and the continuation of improved agriculture once the project has come to an end rely on the increased capacity of WUAs to use their conflict resolution skills, maintain the sites and find further support. Youth were not explicitly targeted in conflict resolution activities but they represented the majority of the beneficiaries of cash for work (CfW) activities. FAO and IOM should have a targeted approach if they are to work on youth, peace and security. They should also do a thorough assessment of the socioeconomic impacts of CfW on the Yemen context before rolling about a programme-wide CfW or cash transfer activities in Yemen.