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Book (series)The impact of agriculture-related WTO agreements on the domestic legal framework in Tanzania 2006
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No results found.The importance of this assignment arises from the fact that a significant part of the Tanzania trade is basically agricultural and there is currently a growing demand of her agricultural exports1. Thus, understanding a legal and institutional environment under which the agricultural trade is operated is an important strategy for maximizing the benefits of the country’s good land and climatic attributes to lower production costs and thereby become competitive, both at regional and international m arkets. Currently Tanzania has a relatively small export volume, although the recent trend has been upwards, with opportunities emerging in certain areas such as horticulture and traditional cash crops2. Other commodities such as fish products already represent a significant source of income from exports to the EU and are successfully meeting the stringent EC regulatory requirements. However, another potentially important sector, meat products, has yet to overcome these regulatory barriers. -
Book (series)The impact of agriculture-related WTO agreements on the domestic legal framework in the Kingdom of Nepal 2006
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No results found.This paper will provide a review of Nepal’s agricultural reform commitments under the terms of its accession to the WTO. The opening section of the paper will provide a background on some of the key factors influencing Nepal’s potential for agricultural trade. In the second section, a brief overview of recent trade policies, as well as some of Nepal’s important bilateral and multilateral trading arrangements will be explored. The third section will focus on the national framework through an anal ysis of Nepal’s legal institutions and domestic legislation to assess the level of compliance with WTO commitments. It will review of GATT related principles, including tariff measures, customs valuation, anti-dumping, subsidies, countervailing measures, state trading enterprises and safeguards as they are applied in Nepal. Under the fourth section, Nepalese institutions and legislation will be assessed within the context of the Agreement on Agriculture, Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures, Tech nical Barriers to Trade and Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. The concluding section of the paper will provide a prognosis for Nepal’s agricultural trade policies under the WTO regime. -
Book (series)Legal issues in international agricultural trade: the evolution of the WTO Agreement on agriculture from its Uruguay Round origins to its post-Hong Kong directions 2006
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No results found.The WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) came into existence over ten years ago as one of the agreements annexed to the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO). The AoA declares in its preamble that the long-term objective of WTO members is “to establish a fair and marketoriented agricultural trading system.” The current agricultural negotiations at the WTO are part of the endeavour to bring this objective one step closer to reality. The short-term mission of the AoA, o n the other hand, was to launch the reform process and to take the first steps towards that long-term goal. The AoA disciplines on, inter alia, the three pillars of agricultural market access, domestic support and export subsidies constituted that first step on the path of reform. The in-built agenda contained in Article 20 of the AoA was designed to ensure that these AoA disciplines would be only the first step in a reform process that should culminate in the establishment of a fair and market- oriented agricultural trading system.
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