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Alternative Livelihood Options in Pakistan - GCP/PAK/147/USA








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    Improve Rural Livelihoods through Alternative High-Value Crops in Poppy-Growing Areas in Pakistan - GCP/PAK/164/USA 2025
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    This project aimed to address the challenges of illicit opium cultivation in Pakistan, particularly in the remote areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by promoting alternative livelihoods. FAO and INL adopted a holistic approach to support farmers in the districts of Bajaur, Mohmand, and Khyber, where food insecurity, natural disasters, and limited resources drive the continued cultivation of illicit crops. The initiative focused on diversifying income sources through alternative crop production, improved irrigation, livestock farming, and dairy processing, while incorporating gender and climate-smart agriculture practices. Key activities included capacity building for both male and female farmers, development of local agricultural and livestock extension services, and collaboration with private sector value chain actors to enhance production, processing, and marketing. The project also emphasized community involvement and sustainability, ensuring coordination with local administration and other relevant initiatives to maximize impact and avoid duplication.
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    Alternative Livelihoods in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan - GCP/PAK/151/USA 2021
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    Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and its Newly Merged Districts are characterized by widespread poverty, internal conflicts, poor infrastructure and weak institutional governance, including justice sector agencies. For many years, their economies were sustained by illicit activities, including the cultivation of poppy. Opium plays a multi functional role in rural livelihoods, providing credit, access to land and an important source of income to local households, especially those with insufficient land. The ban on opium growing in Pakistan has deprived the local population of its ability to meet its traditional socioeconomic needs. The aim of the project was to introduce alternative crops that would provide beneficiaries with a livelihood and encourage them to abandon the illicit cultivation of poppy. The project has contributed towards sustainable economic growth through improved access to diversified livelihood opportunities in the targeted districts. As a result of the project, the livelihoods of the target population are supported either by increased areas under improved crop cultivation or by the adoption of improved crop cultivation by farmers who previously grew poppy.
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    Support to Diversification of Agriculture for Improved Nutrition and Rural Livelihoods in Selected COVID-19 Hotspot Zones of Bangladesh - TCP/BGD/3804 2024
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    The strict lockdown that occurred in Bangladesh during COVID-19 halted major industrial production chains, affecting all spheres of life and business. The pandemic devastated the country’s economy by displacing urban wage earners from their workplaces, who were forced to stay at home during lockdown. The hardest hit businesses were agricultural small- and medium-sized enterprises. Additionally, the extension services from different organizations of both public and private sectors to crop, fisheries and livestock were affected, impacting sectoral productions, productivity and market. The shortage of food, along with the slowdown of the national economy, affected the livelihoods of rural peoples, including women. Reductions in household income without social safety nets and external assistance, as well as insufficient nutrition and/or malnutrition, created instances of poverty. The increased frequency of extreme weather events in Bangladesh made agricultural production more challenging and unpredictable. There was a need to promote diversified and quality nutritional diets through programmes based on knowledge and approaches in diversified agricultural production.

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