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Turning rice residues into energy in combined heat and power systems in Turkey

BEFS case study

Year of publication 2018

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 27 p.

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Book (stand-alone)

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Turkey has a large agriculture sector and relies heavily on imported fossil fuels for most of its domestic energy consumption. As a result, the country has been trying to diversify domestic energy supply and has established several renewable energy targets by renewable energy type, e.g. biomass, solar, hydro. One of these targets is for biomass based electricity production to reach 1 000 MW by 2023. In this context, this case study presents and assesses a specific bioenergy supply chain to produce electricity in a combined heat and power system. The chain considered is that of rice residues from the rice value chain in the province of Samsun.

See related case studies: Improved charcoal technologies and briquette production from woody residues in Malawi Meeting the mandates set for liquid biofuels for transport in the Philippines Off-grid rural electrification options using crop and woody residues in Côte d’Ivoire

Language English

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    Open burning of crop residues in India is a serious issue that not only impacts human health but is also detrimental to soil health in the long term. According to the estimates from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, about 500 million tonnes of crop residues are generated annually. While a portion of these residues is used for various purposes, a larger portion is burnt in the fields. The problem seems to be specifically severe in Punjab where a large quantity of rice straw is nurnt after harvesting rice to prepare the field quickly and cheaply for wheat cultivation. It is in this background that the project aimed to support the local government in Punjab and the national government of India to use rice straw productively and avoid open burning. Rice straw is a useful resource that can be used in-situ to maintain soil fertility as well as ex-situ to produce value added products including energy. However, a key challenge in using crop residues, including rice straw, is to mobilize it in systematically. This report presents a model crop residue value chain that can support the collection, transport, storage of rice straw which can enable productive uses of rice straw. Moreover, it estimates the quantity of rice straw produced in each district in Punjab and further estimates the investment needed in developing a crop residue supply chain in the state. Finally, it also undertakes a techno-economic assessment of energy technlogies to identify the most profitable way to use rice straw to produce sustainable energy.
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    Bioenergy and Food Security Assessment for Turkey 2016
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    This report was developed under the FAO EBRD project on bioenergy with the aim is to support decision-making related to bioenergy investment in countries of operations of the EBRD. Turkey, a country of operation, has a large agriculture sector, the requirement to produce 20 percent of its electricity from renewable energy and diversify its energy mix, which currently heavily relies on imported fossil fuels. This report presents the results from the country level assessment to identify the potent ial to produce bioenergy from crop and livestock residues. The analysis shows there is significant potential in Turkey, identifies the type of suitable feedstock, the most promising locations and profitable bioenergy pathways. The report also provides recommendations for the required next steps to move the development of the specific bioenergy sector forward. The work was implemented in close collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Turkey, and other key stakeholders.
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