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Outcome of Global Policy Processes of Relevance for the Regional Forestry Commissions










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    Normative document
    The Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and post-harvest practices and trade 1999
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    A major event for world fisheries was the adoption of a Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries by the FAO membership on 31 October 1995. Fisheries, including aquaculture, provide a vital source of food, employment, recreation, trade and economic well-being for people throughout the world, both for present and future generations and should therefore be conducted in a responsible manner. Fisheries usually represent a particularly valuable natural resource which make the need for their con servation an even higher priority. The Code sets out principles and international standards of behaviour for responsible practices with a view to ensuring the effective conservation and management and development of living aquatic resources, with due respect for the ecosystem and biodiversity. It also recognizes the nutritional, economic, social, environmental and cultural importance of fisheries, as well as the interests of those concerned with the fishery sector, the resource users from fisher s throughout the chain to the consumers.
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    Working paper
    Estimating Food Consumption Patterns by Reconciling Food Balance Sheets and Household Budget Surveys
    dec/14
    2014
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    Food Balance Sheets (FBS) are one of the most important sources of data on food availability for human consumption. This paper presents a method to improve the information on food consumption patterns of FBS by using national household budget surveys (HBS). In this paper, food commodities are categorized into 16 major food groups. For each food group, the contribution to the overall caloric intake is represented in shares. Item group shares of 64 surveys from 51 low and middle income countries are compared with shares from country-specific FBS. Given the countries represented in the data, the analysis evaluates food consumption of over 3 billion persons worldwide. A model based on a cross-entropy measure of information has been developed in order to reconcile aggregate food consumption patterns suggested by FBS and HBS. The latter model accounts for the fact that data from both data sources are prone to measurement errors. Overall, the results of the reconciliation suggest that aver age consumption of cereals, eggs, fish products, pulses and vegetables are likely to be underestimated in FBS, while fruits, meat, milk and sugar products are likely to be overestimated in FBS. Even though the suggested changes in average food consumption are moderate, the results imply considerable relative changes in the aggregate consumption of single food groups. Furthermore, the results imply that the aggregate consumption of fats is 2% higher than currently assumed. The updated consumption patterns provide valuable information from an agro-industrial perspective. Differences in updated consumption pattern with respect to the original FBS might suggest a re-evaluation of FBS elements of the value chain, starting from production and ending at food losses.