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Book (series)GuidelineGuidelines and computer programs for the planning and design of land drainage systems 2007
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No results found.Drainage of agricultural land is one of the most critical water management tools for the sustainability of productive cropping systems, as frequently this sustainability is extremely dependent on the control of waterlogging and soil salinization in the rootzone of most crops. On some agricultural lands, the natural drainage is sufficient to maintain high productivity. However, many others require improvements in surface and subsurface drainage in order to optimize land productivity, wh ile maintaining the quality of soil resources. As time passes, drainage requirements may change because of changes in the general socio-economic conditions, such as input and output prices, and more intensive crop rotations. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportDesign of a computer based system for economic analysis of fish culture activities, Hungary 1982
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No results found.The task. The consultant was requested to appraise how economic analysis can be used by Hungarian officials' to make better use of resources employed in Hungarian fish culture. The need. It is the view of many familiar with the fish culture industry in Hungary that decision makers involved could employ economic analysis more stringently when allocating available resources amongst industry activities. However, the number of full time economists employed in the industry is low- and most persons concerned believe it is likely to remain so low. The consultant concluded, therefore, that the persons concerned will be unable to use economic analysis more effectively in the coming years unless a change is made in the manner in which economic analysis is carried out. The concultant recommends that a concerned effort be made to introduce, in a systematic manner, a system for economic analysis which minimizes - but does not eliminate - the role of the economist. Implication for system desig n. The system should, as far as possible, be of use also to people working in the fish culture industry, who do not have formal training in economics. Therefore it should (i) reduce the reliance on economists during the data collection and information generating phase (which must preceed all economic analysis); (ii) fit the needs of fish farm managers, manager of fish culture research and development activities, and, the needs of government planners and policy makers. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Technical studyGuidelines for Planning Irrigation and Drainage Investment Projects
Technical Paper N. 11 - 1996
1996Also available in:
No results found.Publicly-financed irrigation and drainage investment projects have too often performed poorly. In some cases, shortcomings were because planners gave inadequate consideration to institutional constraints or to the practical problems of implementation, or because there was insufficient commitment by governments or users to the developments proposed. Lessons have been learned from these setbacks, however. This guideline gives prominence to the planning approaches which have evolved and are still e volving to avoid future difficulties. It stresses sounder formulation of irrigation and drainage investment strategies, improved conceptualisation of project options, and building stronger participation and commitment into the detailed planning process. Intended users include staff, trainees and consultants of the FAO Investment Centre, government planning teams, and others concerned with planning irrigation and drainage investments. (Note: Part I only is reproduced here, due to the length of th e document, to provide a look at the issues dictating the need for new approaches in irrigation and drainage investment projects. The full publication may be ordered from the FAO Publications Catalogue.)
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookIntegrated management of the Fall Armyworm on maize
A guide for Farmer Field Schools in Afica
2018Also available in:
Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) – FAW, a dangerous transboundary pest native to the Americas, has been spreading rapidly to all sub-regions of Africa since 2016, causing significant yield losses to crops. Farmer education and community action are critical elements in the strategy to best manage FAW populations, using an integrated and ecological pest management approach. Farmer Field School (FFS), a holistic farmer education approach used in over 90 countries, will be a key component of the response effort. This guide seeks to provide guidance on how to conduct FFS on the integrated and sustainable management of the FAW in Africa, with emphasis on maize as FAW’s preferred host plant. It provides information on the biology and ecology of FAW; field studies and exercises for use in season-long FFS; and suggestions on how to build a training programme for rural advisory services/extension on FAW and FFS refresher courses of Master Trainers and Facilitators. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020
Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets
2020Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions.The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookSoil erosion: the greatest challenge for sustainable soil management 2019
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Despite almost a century of research and extension efforts, soil erosion by water, wind and tillage continues to be the greatest threat to soil health and soil ecosystem services in many regions of the world. Our understanding of the physical processes of erosion and the controls on those processes has been firmly established. Nevertheless, some elements remain controversial. It is often these controversial questions that hamper efforts to implement sound erosion control measures in many areas of the world. This book, released in the framework of the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (15-17 May 2019) reviews the state-of-the-art information related to all topics related to soil erosion.