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Policy briefPolicy briefCarbon rights in the context of jurisdictional REDD+: Tenure links and country-based legal solutions
Information brief
2022Also available in:
No results found.This info-brief summarized key findings and presents case studies related to the status quo of REDD+ countries’ legislation and existing arrangements related to carbon rights, in light of relevant international schemes and standards. So far, claims to participate in REDD+ are often based on the concept of ‘carbon rights’ or `emissions reductions title´, and clear and “uncontested” entitlement to REDD+ results is often a condition for accessing Result-based-Payments (RBPs). However, as there is no one internationally adopted definition of carbon rights or ERs title, emphasis is made on the requirements established by international standards/schemes for REDD+ countries to progress in legislating on the matter. The brief also identifies challenges as countries are progressing in finding legal solutions to clarify carbon and benefit rights, summarizing preliminary key findings and case studies that will be included in the UN-REDD global study on carbon rights which will be finalized in May 2022 (ready for review). In general terms, legislation only rarely directly regulates emission reduction titling or entitlements to REDD+ benefits. In these cases, forest tenure and ownership of forest resources often provides a basis to understand also who owns carbon stored in forests and who can claim REDD+ benefits. Overall, more clarity surrounding emission reduction rights is often still needed, as a more stable enabling environment that affords legal protection to contracting parties would stimulate investments in REDD+, and protect vulnerable groups. Legal solutions will often go hand-in-hand with discussion on benefit sharing, and on necessary infrastructure such as registries for mitigation actions – or for transferring carbon credits. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical studyComparative study of carbon rights in the context of jurisdictional REDD+
Case studies from Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America and the Caribbean
2024Also available in:
No results found.Recognizing the invaluable role of forests in the fight against climate change, countries and the international community have established a framework known as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable forest management, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). This framework aims to encourage countries to reduce deforestation and degradation by offering financial rewards or results-based payments (RBPs) for verified emission reductions, at the same time promoting sustainable development.While the existence of various international RBPs and carbon market schemes valuing emission reductions (ERs) presents multiple opportunities for countries participating in REDD+, there is a critical need to clarify ERs rights and determine who benefits from REDD+ results.This study offers a comprehensive comparative analysis that focuses on the nature and allocation of ER rights, as well as the legal entitlements associated with REDD+ outcomes. To conduct this study, legislation from more than twenty countries across Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America was reviewed between November 2021 and June 2023. -
ProjectFactsheetÉvaluation régionale du carbone forestier pour l’atténuation du changement climatique (REDD+) en Afrique de l’Ouest - TCP/RAF/3605 2020
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No results found.Dans le contexte de la REDD+, l’établissement d’un inventaire des ressources forestières constitue la base tant des Systèmes nationaux de surveillance des forêts ( que des Niveaux d’émissions de référence pour les forêts ( L'inventaire forestier est essentiel pour évaluer la biomasse forestière et les stocks de carbone, ainsi que pour élaborer des Facteurs d'émission ( spécifiques aux pays et régions en développement, qui peuvent être utilisés pour estimer les émissions de Gaz à effet de serre ( GES)(principalement le dioxyde de carbone) dans le secteur forestier En général, dans les pays en développement, les données nécessaires à l’établissement d’un inventaire forestier national sont soit inexistantes, soit insuffisantes pour estimer les FE pour la REDD+ C'est le cas de la plupart des pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest, ainsi que l'indiquent l'évaluation des besoins et les études de soutien ciblées financées par le Programme ONU REDD en 2015 qui ont révélé une capacité limitée d'estimation de la biomasse pour les cinq réservoirs de carbone de la région En outre, les équations allométriques existantes pour l’estimation de la biomasse, qui servent à convertir les données des inventaires forestiers, ont été élaborées sans pouvoir intégrer des données provenant d'Afrique de l'Ouest et elles ont montré des limites lors de leur application à la région De même, les données sur la densité du bois utilisées dans les équations allométriques de la biomasse proviennent d’une base de données sur la densité du bois au niveau mondial, ce qui suscite des interrogations quant à leur exactitude et à leur fiabilité lorsqu'elles sont appliquées au niveau régional ou national Ce niveau d'incertitude compromet la crédibilité des données communiquées par l'Afrique de l'Ouest à la Convention cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques ( et à d'autres conventions internationales Les inventaires forestiers étant coûteux à réaliser, certains pays ne sont pas toujours en mesure d'investir dans des efforts visant à combler les lacunes en matière de capacités techniques et de technologies nécessaires à leur développement sans financement extérieur.
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookPayments for Ecosystem Services and Food Security 2011
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No results found.A healthy ecosystem can provide a variety of crucial services for public goods, such as clean water, nutrient cycling, climate regulation and food security services that contribute directly or indirectly to human well-being. Yet today, many ecosystems are in decline; this is of particular importance to agriculture, which depends on ecosystem services. Loss of healthy ecosystems will seriously affect the production of food, both today and in the future. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is an economic instrument designed to provide positive incentives to users of agricultural land and those involved in coastal or marine management. These incentives are expected to result in continued or improved provision of ecosystem services, which, in turn, will benefit society as a whole. -
DocumentOther documentGlobal ecological zones for FAO forest reporting
2010 update
2012Also available in:
No results found.The Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) presents global and regional forest data by global ecological zone (GEZ). The GEZ spatial dataset used by FAO has developed over the years from covering only the tropical areas (1990) to the globe (2000). Due to the developments in remote sensing and the compiling of many spatial products relating to climate and land cover between 2000 and 2010, an update to the GEZ 2000 ma p was commissioned. This took the form of two months’ consultant work spread over May-August 2011, and contributions from other scientists, particularly for North America and Australia. -
DocumentOther documentUnderstanding forest tenure in South and Southeast Asia 2008
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No results found.Does forest tenure matter? In what way does it matter? What are the links among tenure, sustainable forest management (SFM) and poverty alleviation (PA)? This paper presents the main findings of research that was conducted by FAO and partners from the Asia Forest Partnership with the aim of analysing and understanding the role of tenure arrangements, their enabling impacts and their limitations. The paper presents a summary of different tenure instruments’ performance in supporting SFM and PA, a nd provides recommendations for more effective forest tenure systems.