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Livelihood-Based Social Protection for Orphans and Vulnerable Children: Success Stories form Malawi

Network Paper 01 July 2010









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    The project “Promoting coherence between disaster risk reduction, climate action and social protection in sub-Saharan Africa (Malawi)” aims to support poor and vulnerable households to strengthen their resilience to climate change and climate variability through social protection (SP) and the adoption of proven climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices blended with disaster risk reduction (DRR). FAO Malawi leads the implementation of the project in two targeted districts of Mwanza and Neno, targeting 2 400 farmers, some of them being beneficiaries of existing SP programmes. At community level, the project is implemented through the farmer field school (FFS) approach and delivered through 80 FFS groups located in 74 villages.To evaluate impacts of the project, we use a crossover design to compare the relative merits of its different components and combine various evaluation methods. This is a baseline report on the “Promoting coherence between disaster risk reduction, climate action and social protection in sub-Saharan Africa (Malawi)” project.
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    The Northern region, which is identified by official statistics as trailing behind the central, western and eastern regions in terms of poverty reduction, has experienced multiple and severe shocks including drought, civil war lasting for over 10 years and loss of cattle to Karamojong raids. The signing of a peace agreement between the Government of Uganda (GOU) and the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) and initial implementation of terms bears hope for Northern Uganda. It is in this context that t he 2008/09 Cluster Plan of Action (PoA) for Northern Uganda has been developed. The PoA is the result of a three month process of field consultation and analysis on food security and livelihoods with national and international NGOs, UN agencies, government representatives and civil society. In terms of scope of interventions, the PoA aims to create and promote the conditions for addressing root causes of livelihood erosion by linking short term/immediate actions with longer term measures and considerations. Thus the Plan proposes a set of balanced responses that aim to protect, rehabilitate and diversify the livelihoods of pastoralists, agro-pastoralists and farmers in northern Uganda. In that respect, the document is meant to complement long-term development strategies and focuses on the range of emergency, recovery and rehabilitation interventions needed for the whole of the North (Karamoja, Teso, Lango, Acholi and West Nile). Implementation of the PoA will be through partnerships between government, UN agencies, NGOs, civil society and the private sector. The selected option is based on a pro-poor and community self-reliance approach as the most sustainable way to achieve productivity growth and improve use and access of natural capital. In areas with low agricultural potential (Eastern Uganda – Karamoja), livestock systems are the basis of livelihoods. In areas with higher agricultural potential (Northern and Nile provinces), where farmers could pursue high-value li velihood opportunities, use of improved technologies will be supported to raise productivity growth.

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