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Seminar report on the status of marine finfish netcage culture in China, DPRK (Democratic People's Republic of Korea), Indonesia, ROK (Republic of Korea), Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand

Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project








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    Seminar report on the status of seaweed culture in China, India, Indonesia, Korea R., Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand
    Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project
    1988
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    Seaweed utilization as food has a long history in Eastern Asia, particularly in countries such as China, North Korea and South Korea. The importance of these marine plants as a source of nutrients and as components to numerous consumer and industrial products has become increasingly important within the last few decades. Seaweed collection from natural fisheries has been carried out for a long time, however intensive aquaculture is relatively recent history. The seaweed aquaculture sector ha s not developed uniformly in the Asian region. Countries such as China and South Korea have developed sophisticated culture techniques being able to control the entire life cycle of a number of commercially important algae species. In contrast, other Asian countries relay mainly on vegetative propagation such as for Eucheuma in the Philippines. The importance of seaweed output from aquaculture practices is clearly visible from Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 shows the total production of seaweeds b y species in the Republic of Korea from 1980 to 1986, while Table 2 shows the production derived from aquaculture practices. In 1986 the sea mustard (Undaria pinatifida) production output was 354,661 MT of which over 97 % (346,434 MT) was from aquaculture output. Similarly, almost 100 % of the laver produced (Porphyra spp.) was derived from aquaculture. A great variety of seaweeds are cultured in the region and the total annual production output accounts for a major portion of all maricultured species. Figure 1 shows the aquaculture production in Asia in 1985 by major resource group. Seaweed accounted for 34 % of the year's total aquaculture production next only to finfish which accounted for 44 %. The species of commercial importance vary according to geographical location.
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    Seminar report on the status of oyster culture in China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand
    Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project
    1988
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    Among the Asian countries, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand are all producers of oysters. The status of oyster culture in each of these countries varies considerably although most of them share the same rich pool of suitable species and environments for seafarming. Among these countries oyster culture is more developed in China, Philippines and Thailand, while still at an early stage of development in Indonesia and Malaysia. In 1985 the production of oyster in the above cou ntries totalled some 75,868 MT (Fig. 1). This value represents over 2.6 % of the world's production of molluses in 1985, which was 2.80 million MT (FAO, 1987). Taking the Asian region, as defined by FAO, this was 3.6 % of the region's mollusc production which was 2.09 million MT. Compared to the total production output of the same countries in 1983, which amounted to 56,821 MT, there was a 15.5 % increase in production in 1984 and about 25.1 % in 1985. The production of oysters by each of the As ian countries for the period 1980–1986 is shown in Table 1. Most species of oysters under cultivation belong to the genus Crassostrea. The species cultured among the above countries are shown in Table 2. One significant trend in shellfish mariculture in the region has been the establishment of bivalve hatcheries of varying sizes to meet the growing requirement for oyster seed. Since the early 1980's, pilot hatcheries have been set up in Thailand (Prachuab Khiri Khan Brackishwater Fisheries S tation), Malaysia (Bivalve Hatchery Project of the Universiti Sains Malaysia), and in the Philippines (Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Centre or SEAFDEC, and at the Mariculture Centre of the Philippine Human Resources Development Centre, PHRDC). Although these hatcheries have been in operation for several years, oyster seed production is still minimal.

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