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Empleo y condiciones de trabajo de mujeres temporeras agrícolas. Tomo 2.










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    Empleo y condiciones de trabajo de mujeres temporeras agrícolas. Tomo 1. 2012
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    En 2008, Naciones Unidas incluyó entre los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio una nueva Meta del Milenio (1.B) que propone “lograr el empleo pleno y productivo y el trabajo decente para todos, en particular para las mujeres y los jóvenes”, subrayando la importancia del empleo en la superación de la pobreza y en la mejora de las condiciones de vida de la población. En este contexto, la Oficina Regional de la FAO para América Latina y el Caribe, con la colaboración de la Comisión Económica para A mérica Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y la Organización Internacional de Trabajo (OIT), realizó durante los años 2009-2011 una investigación regional titulada Políticas de mercado de trabajo y pobreza rural. En el marco de esta investigación se profundizó el análisis sobre las condiciones laborales en un sector que concentra una importante proporción de mano de obra femenina. Se estudió la situación de las mujeres temporeras en el mercado de trabajo agrícola y su relación con la pobreza y la desigua ldad de género, para lo cual fueron elaborados tres estudios: en los mercados del trabajo del limón y el tabaco en Argentina, en los de la uva de mesa y el mango en Brasil, y en el de la fruta de exportación en el valle central de Chile. Los resultados de estos estudios confirmaron la estrecha relación existente entre la situación laboral de las mujeres y la pobreza rural, e ilustraron sobre las condiciones de precariedad existente en el trabajo temporal y la creciente participación de las mujer es en el mismo, tanto en la producción primaria como en su procesamiento. Los estudios entregan importantes conclusiones para la elaboración de políticas que aborden las principales barreras que enfrentan las mujeres, asociadas a su condición de género, para lograr un trabajo decente. Sus recomendaciones pretenden contribuir a la promoción de estrategias de empleo rural y agrícola que conduzcan hacia la igualdad de género y la superación de la pobreza.
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    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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    From the State of the World collection and other major reports to freshly penned technical studies , FAO publications cater to a diverse range of audiences. This catalogue presents a selection of FAO’s main publications, produced in 2024 or earlier, ranging from its global reports and general interest publications to numerous specialized titles. In addition to the major themes of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, it also includes thematic sections on climate change, economic and social development, and food safety and nutrition.