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Pollution from industrialized livestock production







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    Global livestock production systems 2011
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    Informed livestock sector policy development and priority setting is heavily dependent on a good understanding of livestock production systems. In a collaborative effort between the Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Livestock Research Institute, stock has been taken of where we have come from in agricultural systems classification and mapping; the current state of the art; and the directions in which research and data collection efforts need to take in the future. The bo ok also addresses issues relating to the intensity and scale of production, moving from what is done to how it is done. The intensification of production is an area of particular importance, for it is in the intensive systems that changes are occurring most rapidly and where most information is needed on the implications that intensification of production may have for livelihoods, poverty alleviation, animal diseases, public health and environmental outcomes. A series of case studies is provi ded, linking livestock production systems to rural livelihoods and poverty and examples of the application of livestock production system maps are drawn from livestock production, now and in the future; livestock’s impact on the global environment; animal and public health; and livestock and livelihoods. This book provides a formal reference to Version 5 of the global livestock production systems map, and to revised estimates of the numbers of rural poor livestock keepers, by country and live stock production system. These maps and data are freely available for download via FAO’s web pages: http://www.fao.org/AG/againfo/resources/en/glw/home.html. It is hoped that this publication will stimulate further work in this field and encourage the use of livestock production systems information and maps in research and analysis.
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    Area-wide integration (AWI) of specialized crop and livestock activities in Vietnam
    Project Report
    2004
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    The urbanization and increase of animal-product demands have accompanied with the specification and intensification in animal production, also with the disintegration between crop and animals. This trend has resulted in environment pollution in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and the surrounding provinces including Binh Duong, Dong Nai (North and North East of the city, respectively) and Long An of Mekong Delta. Biogas has been popular to small scale farms of 5-100 pigs. Every city/province has had prog ram to support the poor farmers, on a limited scale, in installation of biogas. However, the biogas is not suitable for farms raising less than 5 pigs or farms having no land for crop. In addition, most of intensive farms, especially the swine farms, were built in the decade of 60 without treatment system of waste. The waste is therefore drained to vegetable field or stream, that has had BOD of 300-530 mg/l and an unaccepted number of E. coli as well as parasite egg. The environmental and techni cal problems of intensive swine farms have been solved by provincial master plane of relocation.
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    Assessment of engineering solutions for solid waste removal from irrigation canals in North Lebanon 2021
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    Waste management in Lebanon is a significant issue anticipating cascading and spill-over effect on livelihood, environment and agriculture. North Lebanon has been experiencing population growth spurts due to humanitarian crises in neighbouring countries that contributes to the urgency of finding sustainable solutions. Adequate delivery of response measures is beyond the capacities of local authorities. Consequently, waste crisis has reached its historical peaks. It is unlikely that upcoming years can bring radical shifts related to the trends in rapidly increasing waste generation. However, the seemingly uncontrollable mechanisms should not lead to inaction, but concentrated efforts should be stepped up to eliminate harmful consequences. The project “Rehabilitation and waste management of El-Bared Canal Irrigation System to reduce source-to-sea pollution and improve livelihoods in the Akkar Region of Lebanon”, financed by the Government of Norway, has been formulated to ensure minimal discharges of waste from El-Bared System to the Mediterranean Sea, thus improving the livelihoods of the people depending on the system through irrigation canal system rehabilitation, solid waste disposal, and improved agricultural output and job creation. Applying a pilot approach, the project mainly focuses on Akkar irrigation scheme to introduce both hard investment and soft measures in response to the waste crisis. Following a multi-criteria assessment approach, the current report maps waste removal technologies and provides recommendations on their functions and suitability in the context of the target area. Based on broader understanding of the feasibility, it helps come to a decision on technology selection.

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