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Book (series)Technical study小型鱼菜共生食物生产 – 鱼菜综合种养技术 2021本技术手册首先介绍了鱼菜共生的概念，包括其发展简史及其在无土栽培和现代农业大范畴中的地位。随后是鱼菜共生的主要理论框架，包括氮循环和硝化作用、细菌的作用、鱼菜共生系统均衡的概念；接着介绍了重要的技术内容，包括水质参数、水质测试和鱼菜共生的水源，以及系统设计的一些方法和理论，包括三种主要的鱼菜共生系统：基质床栽培、营养膜栽培和深水栽培。本手册详细介绍了鱼菜共生生态系统组成的三类生物（细菌、植物和鱼类），手册还介绍了管理策略和故障排除方法以及相关的话题，尤其强调了鱼菜共生投入品中当地可持续材料的使用。本手册还包含九个附录，介绍了其他重要内容：鱼菜共生中常见植物生长的最适条件；常见病虫害的化学和生物防治，包含一份共用的种植指南；常见鱼病及其症状、病因以及治疗方法；在鱼类种群量和投饲量一定的条件下，计算生成的氨含量和所需的生物过滤介质数量；自制鱼饲料的生产；建立鱼菜共生系统装置的步骤和注意事项；小规模基质栽培鱼菜共生系统的成本收益分析；构建三种小规模鱼菜共生系统的综合指导步骤；以及本手册的简要总结，用作拓展、延伸和教育的补充材料。
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.