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ArticleJournal articleFarmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) on Nigeria's drylands: the influence of changing climate on agroforestry trees management
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.In Northern Nigeria, prolonged drought critically affects parkland tree regeneration and reduces land productivity and income. However, documentation of parkland trees management in extreme climatic conditions is scarce in the region. Hence, the need to evaluate the management via tree preferences by farmers on Nigeria’s dry agroecological zones (AEZ). To address this, field surveys were conducted in nine villages along a north-south transect, with precipitation increasing southwards through three AEZ of Nigeria: Sudan Savannah (SS), Northern Guinea Savannah (NGS) and Southern Guinea Savannah (SGS). Using Open Data Kit (ODK), information from 92 respondents and 4 focused groups relating to tree regeneration management were collected and aggregated. These include the abundance of the most preferred trees on farms, their regeneration potentials, management and propagation status, as well as usage and land-use constraints. Results showed drought- tolerant species (Parkia biglobosa and Mangifera indica) topped the dominant trees list across the three AEZ, both having 50% more than other agroforestry trees. Though farmers’ management strategies were highly relevant to regeneration and productivity, they did not differ across the zones (P<0.05) except at cropping outside tree canopy cover between SGS and SS using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Positive associations (0.5-0.8) between functions and preference for trees on farms for dominant agroforestry species. Farmers’ adaptation strategy to minimise risk to climate drivers and increase dry forests landscapes resilience made the driest AEZ (SS) had most species on farms and positively impacted the locals' livelihoods. Keywords: Trees, Drought, Farmers, Regeneration, Parklands ID: 3486501 -
ArticleJournal articleBudgetary and property evaluation of bamboo products: The case of forestry research institute of Nigeria
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The increasing difficulty in sourcing timber species in Nigeria necessitates seeking for alternatives species. Providing alternative species requires knowledge on the technical properties and budgetary evaluation particularly in relation to their utilization. Bambusa vulgaris from available evidence had been used for light construction and production in some parts of Nigeria; however, there is dearth of information on its technical properties and budgetary evaluation. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate selected properties and budgetary evaluation of Bamboo. Bamboo culms were harvested, processed into valuable products such as Tables, Chairs, Bed, flower vases, lamp stands and many other household items with detail analysis on the cost of production in either round or laminated form. The technical properties considered include: Modulus of rupture (MOR) and Modulus of elasticity (MOE), while the budgetary analysis include: Rate of Returns on Investment and cost benefit analysis of the production. Result of the properties shows that the mean MOE of B. vulgaris was 4556.21±98.42N/mm2. While mean MOR of B. vulgaris was 51.88±112.80N/mm. The Rate of Returns (RORI) of bamboo furniture is above 60% and Cost Benefit Ratio is higher than 1. There are potentials in utilizing bamboo for the production of structural materials being a medium density wood and slightly dimensionally stable. It is also a profitable venture for utilization and it has the potential of serving as a suitable alternative to the scarce tropical timber species Keywords: Value chain, Research, Innovation, Sustainable forest management, Financial mechanisms ID: 3474266 -
ArticleJournal articleWhere are the foresters? The influx of forestry graduates to non-forestry jobs in Nigeria
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Foresters play important roles in the sustainable management of forest resources in many countries. In Nigeria, hundreds of forestry students graduate from various forestry schools annually. However, the high unemployment situation in Nigeria has left millions of gradutes from higher education institutions jobless. Recent research shows that a major challenge facing forestry students and graduates in Nigeria is difficulty getting jobs and poor prospects for career achievement in the forestry (and forestry-related) sector. Our case study research is based on a survey of a cohort of 56 forestry students who graduated from the Federal University of Technology Akure – FUTA, Nigeria (a top-ranking forestry school in Nigeria), in 2016 to understand the cohort’s job experiences five years after leaving school. First, our research shows that 84% of forestry graduates from the cohort were in non-forestry-related jobs, and the remaining 16% were in forestry-related, academic jobs as lecturers, researchers, and graduate students. Second, an estimated 90% of respondents acknowledged that forestry graduates were moving to non- forestry jobs mainly because of the lack of job opportunities in the forestry profession. Other reasons included earning a living, lack of interest/passion in the forestry profession, or the respondent being compelled externally to study forestry. Our research offers insights into the post-graduation experiences and current job engagement of forestry graduates in Nigeria with suggestions on the way forward. Keywords: forestry jobs; foresters; forestry education; unemployment; Nigeria ID: 3602387
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.