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Managing Manure to Sustain Smallholder Livelihoods in the East African Highlands











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    Environmental Impact of Animal Manure Management 1996
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    In this report, animal manure management is defined as a decision- making process hyphen aiming to combine profitable agricultural production with minimum nutrient losses from manure, for the present and in the future. Good manure management will minimize the negative and stimulate the positive effects on the environment. Emissions to the air of nutrients, organic matter1 and odour, have adverse effects on the environment. The contribution of manure to plant nutrition and build up of soil organi c matter is considered a positive effect. An indirect positive effect is that the use of animal manure may save non-renewable resources used in inorganic fertilizer production.
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    Technical study
    Livestock and environment statistics: manure and greenhouse gas emissions
    Global, regional and country trends, 1990–2018
    2020
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    Livestock statistics made available in FAOSTAT offer valuable information on livestock numbers and production, provided by FAO by country and over a long period. This data is used by the academic community to estimate relevant environmental statistics and indicators, including the availability and use of livestock manure and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Such information is key to help designing and implementing sustainable agricultural practices. The estimates of livestock manure are computed and disseminated in FAOSTAT by livestock type, by country, and in regional aggregates, for the period 1961–2018.
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    Document
    Evaluation report
    Final Evaluation of the Project “Increased Household Food, Income and Nutrition Security through Commercialization of an Integrated and Sustainable Smallholder Livestock Sector in Zimbabwe” - Management response
    Project evaluation - Management response
    2018
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    The Final Evaluation of the Project “Increased Household Food, Income and Nutrition Security through Commercialization of an Integrated and Sustainable Smallholder Livestock Sector in Zimbabwe” concluded that the Project’s objective of changing mindsets of smallholder livestock farmers to view livestock as important economic assets more than a social asset was very relevant and timely. The Projects’ implementation modality of having two co-applicants was strategic: it was able capitalize on the local knowledge and expertise of the co-applicants. However, this implementation modality caused a delay to the project due to lack of appropriate financial instruments. Overall, the Project performed well and was able to adjust its implementation and programming to deal with the most pressing issues on production in the project areas, which were mortality due to diseases and lack of water. Finally, the project was able to foster trust among various stakeholders and trust in the formal market within the intricate livestock value chain in Zimbabwe.

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    The Strategic Framework focuses clearly on the commitment, made by world leaders at the 1996 World Food Summit, to halve the number of undernourished people in the world by no later than 2015.
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    2015–16年农产品市场状况
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    全球农产品和粮食产品贸易已在最近几十年取得快速增长,各国作为出口或进口方越来越多地参与这一贸易进程。这种趋势预计将在今后几十年中持续。因此,贸易将在全球各区域对粮食安全的程度和性质产生越来越重要的影响。我们面临的挑战就是确保农产品贸易的扩大能对消除饥饿、粮食不安全和营养不良起到促进作用,而不是阻碍作用。 本版《农产品市场状况》旨在缓解目前各方在农产品贸易对粮食安全产生的影响以及如何管理农产品贸易以确保贸易开放度的增加能惠及所有国家等问题上出现的观点两极分化现象。本书通过就一系列话题举证和说明,努力促成各方就政策选择开展有实证依据的辩论,并在政策选择过程中努力实现必要的改进。
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    Planning in government forest agencies how to balance forest use and conservation: agenda for training workshop. 1998
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    The purpose of planning for forestry development is to establish a workable framework for forest use and conservation which incorporates the economic, social and environmental dimensions on a sustainable basis. The framework is about creating a shared vision of how forests will be used and protected. This can be summed up in a single central question: Trees and forests for whom and for what? The question is not new but what is new is the perception that so many different groups have an interest in the reply. Forestry planning has traditionally been mainly concerned with the production of timber for industry and other wood products, and with forest industry development. Planning for environmental goals also has a long history but was largely restricted to designated areas for exclusive conservation. National forestry development agencies were essentially responsible for the sustained yield management on protected public forest lands and for reserved forests. The term "sustained yield " was mostly limited to wood production and therefore excluded the majority of other forest products and services. Although most forestry agencies have made progress towards multiple-use management, planning remains often biased towards timber in a wide range of countries. Many of the actions taken in order to stimulate forestry development in the immediate failed to sustain the momentum of growth in the longer term. Short term achievements sometimes resulted in degradation or destruction of the stock of natural capital needed in order to maintain growth in the future or reduced options for future end uses by degrading the forest capital.