Monograph on benzoin (Balsamic resin from Styrax species)

Abstract

The document is a comprehensive overview of benzoin - a balsamic resin obtained from the 'yan' tree (styrax tonkinensis). A traditional non-wood forest product with uses ranging from religion to health care, benzoin is mainly produced in Laos and to a lesser extent in Indonesia and Malaysia. The publication examines the potential for improving benzoin production in these countries to help thousands of poor rural households. Based on information generated by an FAO technical cooperation project t o improve benzoin production in Laos, it includes the findings of a survey and field trials in two benzoin producing villages in north Laos as well as the results of studies of different ways of benzoin tapping in Laos, Malaysia and Indonesia. Though consumption within Laos itself is minimal, where it is mainly used as incense in Buddhist temples, benzoin has well-established uses in modern and traditional medication. It is used in a wide range of personal health care products such as toilet soa ps, shampoos and body lotions, and in air fresheners and fabric softeners. Benzoin is also a food-flavouring agent used in chocolate flavours, ice creams and milk products. It is especially popular in Denmark and Sweden as flavouring for bakery products.