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The role of social insurance schemes in addressing the risks faced by agricultural workers in the Middle East and North Africa









Sato, Lucas; and Mohamed, Nourjelha. 2022. “The role of social insurance schemes in addressing the risks faced by agricultural workers in the Middle East and North Africa”. Research Report, No. 80. Cairo, Beirut and Brasília: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Labour Organization Regional Office for Arab States, and International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.


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    Some of the main barriers preventing the expansion of social insurance (SI) schemes to agricultural workers(AWs) in the region are of a financial nature. Usually, SI schemes rely on the co-responsibility in financing between employers and employees, base contribution values on regular wages, and only accept monthly contributions in cash. This structure excludes AWs who are self employed or do not have stable contracts with their employers, and those with seasonal, low, irregular or non-cash incomes. This research report aims to understand the main financial barriers that may hinder the coverage of AWs by SI schemes in the MENA region, and which strategies can help address them.
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    This note provides details on the methodological approach of the series of Research Reports developed under the project ‘Expanding social insurance for agricultural workers in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries: identifying key constraints and discussing policy options’. This is a joint project between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for the Near East and North Africa (NENA) Region (FAO RNE), the International Labour Organization Regional Office for Arab States (ILO ROAS) and the International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG).
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    As part of their broader efforts to address informality and decent work deficits in the agriculture sector, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and International Labour Organization (ILO) engaged with practitioners and policymakers in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region to advance the understanding of the institutional, administrative and financial barriers that hinder the inclusion of agricultural workers in social insurance schemes.

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