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Study on the profitability of fish smoking with FTT-Thiaroye kilns in Côte d’Ivoire















​Mindjimba, K. 2020. Study of the profitability of fish smoking with FTT‐Thiaroye kilns in Côte d'Ivoire. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1155. Rome, FAO.




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    Smoking and drying are crucial fish processing methods for small-scale fisheries in the tropics, essential for supplying fish to areas far from fishing zones, especially where infrastructure and cold chain logistics are lacking. Traditional smoking methods, however, present significant issues, including environmental damage from using wood as fuel, low output, and health risks like eye irritations and respiratory diseases, primarily affecting women processors. Since 2008, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has promoted the FAO-Thiaroye Processing Technique (FTT-Thiaroye). This improved smoking method reduces health hazards, increases smoking capacity per cycle, and consumes much less wood. It also reduces post-harvest losses due to limited chilling and freezing capacity. The FTT-Thiaroye technique has been adopted in at least 16 African countries and is also used in Asia and the Pacific. In Côte d'Ivoire, FAO has introduced FTT in five pilot communities, equipping them with kilns and organizing women’s cooperatives, improving productivity and working conditions. The use of wood use per kilo of smoked fish went down from 5 kilos to 0.8 kilos. Production also increased from 150-200 kg/day to 0.5-3 tonnes/day. In Sri Lanka, FAO has built five kilns in Ampara District and 12 in Batticaloa District. It has provided training on smoking techniques, fish cutting, costing, packing, marketing, and kiln maintenance. As a result of FAO’s action, firewood usage was reduced by 35 percent and the earnings of processors increased.
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    Artisanal sea-based capture fisheries are a key source of nutrition and income in many parts of West Africa. Marine litter has significantly increased in recent years due to the rise of single-use plastics and inadequate waste management, particularly affecting developing countries with limited infrastructure. While there is widespread concern that marine litter negatively impacts beach seine fishing, evidence to support this is lacking. This report presents a preliminary investigation of the social and economic effects of marine litter on beach seine fisheries in four Gulf of Guinea countries: Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Togo. The study, conducted under the EAF-Nansen Programme, aims to support better fisheries management. Common sampling protocols were used to collect equivalent sociodemographic, fisheries, and environmental data, both qualitative and quantitative, to record the impact of marine litter on fishing communities. The study's results will help define local, national, and regional management measures to reduce marine waste and improve the sustainability of coastal communities, thus contributing to poverty reduction and food security.La pêche artisanale de capture en mer est une source essentielle de nourriture et de revenus dans de nombreuses régions d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Les déchets marins ont considérablement augmenté ces dernières années, suite à la croissance des plastiques à usage unique et à une gestion des déchets inadéquate, affectant particulièrement les pays en développement avec des infrastructures limitées. Bien qu'il y ait une préoccupation généralisée quant à l'impact négatif des déchets marins sur la pêche à la senne de plage, les preuves à l'appui de cette affirmation sont insuffisantes. Ce rapport présente une enquête préliminaire sur les impacts sociaux et économiques des déchets marins sur la pêche à la senne de plage dans quatre pays du Golfe de Guinée: Bénin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana et Togo. L'étude, réalisée dans le cadre du Programme EAF-Nansen, vise à soutenir une meilleure gestion des pêches. Des protocoles d'échantillonnage communs ont été utilisés pour collecter des données sociodémographiques, halieutiques et environnementales équivalentes, qualitatives et quantitatives, afin de déterminer l'impact des déchets marins sur les communautés de pêcheurs. Les résultats de l'étude aideront à définir des mesures de gestion locales, nationales et régionales pour réduire les déchets marins et améliorer la durabilité des communautés côtières, contribuant ainsi à la réduction de la pauvreté et à l'amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire.
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    L’Initiative Pêches Côtières (IPC) est un effort global de collaboration financé par le Fonds pour l’environnement mondial (FEM) réunissant des agences des Nations Unies, telles que l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO), le Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement (PNUD), le Programme des Nations Unies pour l’environnement (PNUE), la Banque mondiale, des organisations internationales non gouvernementales comme Conservation International et le Fonds mondial pour la nature (WWF), et les gouvernements concernés. Elle vise à contribuer à l’objectif global d’avoir une pêche côtière mondiale offrant des avantages environnementaux, sociaux et économiques durables en créant une meilleure gouvernance, y compris des incitations correctes, un environnement favorable et l’utilisation de processus plus holistiques et d’approches intégrées. Elle se compose de cinq projets interconnectés couvrant six pays (Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Équateur, Indonésie, Pérou et Sénégal). Cette brochure s’inscrit dans le cadre de la mise en oeuvre de la Composante Afrique de l’Ouest du programme IPC (Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire et Sénégal). Celle-ci est le résultat d’un long processus de gestion de la connaissance et de capitalisation des bonnes pratiques identifiées en matière de pêche artisanale, notamment en Côte d’Ivoire. Elle a pour objectif de présenter et de partager le dynamisme des femmes transformatrices des produits de la mer en Côte d’Ivoire et la manière dont elles produisent les poissons fumés à travers la technique FAO- Thiaroye de transformation (FTT) du poisson.

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