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ArticleEconomic and social development along the urban–rural continuum: New opportunities to inform policy 2022
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No results found.The economic and social development of nations relies on their population having physical access to services and employment opportunities. For the vast majority of the 3.4 billion people living in rural areas, this largely depends on their access to urban centers of different sizes. Similarly, urban centers depend on their rural hinterlands. Building on the literature on functional areas/territories and the rural–urban continuum as well as insights from central place theory, this review article advances the notion of catchment areas differentiated along an urban-to-rural continuum to better capture these urban–rural interconnections. This article further shows how a new, publicly available dataset operationalizing this concept can shed new light on policymaking across a series of development fields, including institutions and governance, urbanization and food systems, welfare and poverty, access to health and education services, and environmental and natural resource management. Together, the insights support a more geographically nuanced perspective on development. -
BookletThe contribution of social protection to economic inclusion in rural areas 2020
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No results found.Economic inclusion is at the forefront of the social protection agenda, and a concept increasingly recognized and developed by policymakers, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and development partners at large. However, the actual underpinnings behind this term vary greatly, from broad, multisectoral, long-term approaches, to time-bound integrated bundles of interventions. Nonetheless, there is an increased understanding that effective economic inclusion processes and programmes will need to be integrated within broader systems, moving away from standalone and time-bound interventions (Heinemann, Montesquiou, and Hashemi, 2018). The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) recognizes economic inclusion as one key pillar to eradicate extreme poverty, to foster more equal societies, and to reduce disparities between urban and rural areas (FAO 2019a). This paper will not examine the theoretical and programmatic details of economic inclusion pathways and corresponding interventions. Instead, after schematically presenting the main pathways, it will focus on analysing the contribution of social protection in each case. A broader framing document should be developed, analysing, and better detailing the pathways and how each sector can support them, and what that entails for FAO operations.
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