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DocumentOther documentProduction and fuel properties of wood chips from logging residues by timber harvesting methods
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study calculated the productivity and cost of extraction and processing of logging residues by cut-to-length (CTL) and whole-tree (WT) harvesting methods. In addition, the comparative analysis of the characteristics of wood chip fuel to examine whether it was suitable for the fuel conditions of the energy facility. In the harvesting and processing system to produce the wood chips of logging residues the system productivity and cost of the CTL harvesting system were 1.6 Gwt/SMH and 89,865 won/Gwt, respectively. The productivity and cost of the WT harvesting system were 2.9 Gwt/SMH and 72,974 won/Gwt, respectively. The WT harvesting productivity increased 1.3times while harvesting cost decreased by 18.7% compared to the CTL harvesting system. The logging residues of wood chips were not suitable for CTL wood chips based on International Organization for Standardization (ISO 17225-4:2021) and South Korea standard (NIFoS, 2020), but the quality (A2, Second class) was improved through screening operation. The WT-unscreened wood chips conformed to NIFoS standard (second class) and did not conform to ISO but were improved through screening operation (Second class). In addition to the energy facility in plant A, all wood chips except CTL-unscreened wood chips were available through drying processing. The WT-unscreened wood chips were the lowest at 99,408 won/Gwt. Plants B, C, and D had higher moisture content than plant A, so WT-unscreened wood chips without drying processing were the lowest at 57,204 won/Gwt. Therefore, the production of logging residues should improve with operation methods that improve the quality of wood chips required for applying the variable biomass and energy facility. Keywords: Research, Sustainable forest management ID: 3622432 -
ArticleJournal articleNetwork and knowledge transmission for climate change on a non-timber forestry product in an era of depopulation, shiitake produced in sawtooth oak trees at Kunisaki GIAHS site
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Climate change is disturbing forests and other ecosystems at a global scale. It could affect how foresters, forest owners, and other related actors manage the forests and conduct their daily lives. This also applies to the producers and strategies of collectors of non-timber forestry products (NTFPs). This study examines, “How climate change affects NTFP producers and strategies of collectors? How resilient are their mitigation and adaption measures for forests and forest communities?” The shiitake, Lentinula edodes, produced in lower temperature are more valuable in market price but are facing challenges. We interviewed veteran producers of shiitake mushroom in Kunisaki City, Oita Prefecture, Japan for the period of June to September 2020. They produce shiitake in the forests of sawtooth oak trees, Quercus acutissima, in a site of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS). In this GIAHS site, the forests retain water and provide water for the irrigation pond system. Shiitake producers underpin this GIAHS system through participating in forest management and food supply. They cut the trees of about 15 years old and utilize the logs for shiitake production inside the forests. The branches of the cut trees are put to cover and humidify the logs until the fungus of shiitake spreads inside the logs. As shiitake production sustains the livelihoods of the producers in the depopulated society, the production maintains the forests for the centuries. The producers are adapting to the heats and frequent typhoons by countermeasures; for example, with the temperature increased, a producer wonders how much they keep producing shiitake which sprouts at low temperature. They also sprinkle more water to cool the inoculated logs. This study explores how traditional knowledge is changing or adapting to climate change and how they are transmitted. Keywords: Adaptive and integrated management, Climate change, Economic Development, Food systems, Knowledge management ID: 3486707 -
DocumentOther documentIsolation of DNA from preserved woods for identification of wood species through genetic analysis regardless of the age of wood production
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Species identification of wood provides important information for archaeology, restoration of cultural assets, preventing illegal logging, and more. Wood species are usually identified based on their anatomical features with the use of a microscope. However, this method may not be able to distinguish between anatomically similar species or subspecies. To overcome this problem, wood species need to be identified at the molecular level using DNA sequencing. However, unlike living plant cells, wood is difficult to pulverize using a mortar, and DNA extraction from dried wood is challenging. To solve these problems, we propose a pretreatment method in which wood is pulverized using 60-grit sandpaper and hydrated with water for 2 days. Using this method, we were able to stably amplify the rpoB gene from the extracted DNA of Pinus rigida. In addition, sequence analysis of the rpoB gene revealed six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which classified the rpoB sequences in the genus Pinus into five groups. Our data indicate that although these SNPs were not suitable for species identification, they can potentially be used to determine the origin of different wood subspecies or individual samples of wood. Keywords: Monitoring and data collection, Research ID: 3616978
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