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Overviews of food systems and agro-industry, value chains, and food loss and waste in the countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia












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    Reduction of Food Losses and Waste in Europe and Central Asia for Improved Food Security and Agrifood Chain Efficiency 2014
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    This study represents one of a number of UN/FAO-supported research initiatives on the subject of food losses and waste. It builds on the ground breaking research and conclusions of the Global Food Losses Study commissioned in 2011 from the Swedish Institute for Food and Biotechnology, updating its data and consolidating its analysis of the impact of food losses and waste on the Europe and Central Asia region. Drawing on research conducted into food losses and waste in the Europe and Central Asi a region and more broadly, the sections below present the context and importance of addressing the issue of food losses and waste in the region, review the ongoing debate in this relation and current national and multi-national initiatives to reduce losses and waste. Finally the study used recently conducted country studies commissioned by UN/FAO in two middle-income countries (Turkey and Ukraine) and one low-income country (Armenia) to provide an overall assessment of the levels of food loss a nd waste in the Europe and Central Asia region, as well as to analyse critical loss points and provide present policy options to reduce levels of loss and waste. The study focuses on low and middle income countries of the region since high-income ECA states, primarily EU members have both already conducted extensive research and developed programs for loss and waste reduction and are also served directly by the major ongoing FUSIONS project in this sphere. This study was informed by in-depth a nalysis of priority agri-food chains in the region, selected on the basis of their economic importance, employment generation, contribution to foreign exchange and contribution to food security. At least one agri-food chain was selected for analysis from each of the following commodity groupings: cereals, fruits and vegetables, meat and dairy. Critical loss point analysis was then conducted for each of five agri-food chain phases, i.e. agricultural production, post-harvest handling and storage, processing and packaging, distribution, and consumption.
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    Strategic analysis and intervention plan for fresh and industrial tomato in the Agro-Commodities Procurement Zone of the pilot Integrated Agro-Industrial Park in Central-Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia 2019
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    With the current Second Growth and Transformation Plan (2015-2020), the Government of Ethiopia expects the agro-industrial sector to play key role in economic growth of the Country. Accordingly, the creation of Integrated Agro-Industrial Parks has been identified as one of the key mechanisms for accelerating the development of the sector and the structural transformation of agriculture. Agro-industrial parks will play a significant role in transitioning Ethiopia from an agricultural-led into an industrial-led economy. In view of that, the development of Integrated Agro-Industrial Parks has been prioritized in Ethiopia’s national development strategy and four Agro Industrial Growth Corridors have been selected for piloting the establishment of four Integrated Agro-Industrial Parks. The initiative aims at driving the structural transformation of the Ethiopian economy while reducing rural poverty and creating a better environment for increased investments in agro-processing and allied sectors. Since 1981, FAO has been a strong partner of the Government of Ethiopia towards the achievement of national food security and economic growth goals. FAO is working closely with the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources to empower value chain actors and to promote inclusive, efficient and sustainable agricultural value chains. The present document is the fourth one of a series of detailed analyses of prioritized commodities, which will lead to inclusive, sustainable and stronger agricultural value chains in the Agro-Commodities Procurement Zone of the pilot Integrated Agro-Industrial Park in Central-Eastern Oromia.
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    Food Loss and Waste Reduction in Europe and Central Asia: Programme overview and approach to implementation 2021
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    The brochure provides an overview of the approach that FAO takes to support countries in non-EU Eastern Europe, the Western Balkans, the Caucasus, Turkey and Central Asia in tackling food loss and waste. This includes the development of national strategies and actions plans, activities to strengthen national capacities and food loss and waste measurement systems, promotion and enhancement of food recovery and redistribution systems, improvement of awareness as a means of changing behaviour. The approach is demonstrated on one of the projects implemented in the region.

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    Global outlook on climate services in agriculture
    Investment opportunities to reach the last mile
    2021
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    Climate change and extreme weather events are heightening levels of acute food insecurity and food crises around the world. As the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic and deals with other drivers of food security, poverty and inequality, the international community is calling for a climate-resilient and sustainable recovery. Supporting the shift away from disaster response toward preventative and anticipatory action is fundamental to address the growing challenges faced by agriculture and food systems. Climate services highlight the role of science and technology in providing innovative solutions for risk reduction, effective resilience policies and adaptation planning. Underpinned by robust science and agrometeorological data, climate services and digital advisories bring tailored climate information to agricultural producers and value chain actors. But despite increasing evidence of the benefits of climate services, there are still major gaps in their development worldwide. This global assessment points to a significant gap in investment in climate services for the last mile – the small-scale farmers and most marginalized communities. Bridging this gap and scaling climate services is essential if actionable information is to be communicated in an equitable and effective manner to users, making sure no one is left behind. The report presents the latest data on the state of climate services for agricultural users with surveys from 36 countries across all FAO regions. The report’s findings have major implications for institutional frameworks to effectively target investments in resilience, preparedness and recovery. Case studies highlight additional challenges, opportunities and lessons learned from specific interventions across the climate services provision framework. Despite many challenges, climate services have demonstrable benefits to agriculture and food security by navigating agricultural producers around unpredictable and changing weather patterns. The report presents a blueprint for targeted investments to ensure that finance is effectively allocated not only to enhance the production of climate services, but also their provision, engagement and application by agricultural communities.
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    Climate-smart policies to enhance Egypt's agrifood system performance and sustainability 2023
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    Highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, heat waves in Egypt are increasingly severe and frequent, raising the already high evaporation rate, accelerating crop transpiration, increasing soil aridity and elevating water requirements for both human and agricultural consumption in a country where water is imported. The forecasted spike in rainfall variability will affect flow of the Nile River, increasing both drought and high-flow years. While Egypt must produce more food for its rapidly growing population and confront high levels of child malnutrition, agricultural performance is slowing due to inefficient use of land, labour, water and energy along with environmental degradation and limited access to new technology, all of which favour increased incidence of pests and disease. Having tested climate smart agriculture (CSA) in four of Egypt’s most significant value chains – dairy, dates, maize and wheat – the authors demonstrate that CSA practices, technologies and policies will increase agricultural productivity and incomes, strengthen resilience to climate change and improve mitigation of its effects. These important, evidence-based findings have bearing well beyond Egypt’s borders. This publication is part of the Country Investment Highlights series under the FAO Investment Centre's Knowledge for Investment (K4I) programme.
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    Status of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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    The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.

    The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading: