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Foot-and-mouth disease vaccination and post-vaccination monitoring

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    Book (stand-alone)
    Foot and mouth disease vaccination and post-vaccination monitoring 2016
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    Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control and/or eradication efforts have been in existence for many years in different regions, supported by an official OIE system for recognition of national control programmes and of country status to manage the trade risks for FMD reintroduction. A global FMD control strategy was announced by FAO and OIE in 2012, incorporating a progressive control pathway for FMD (PCP-FMD) that elaborates principles for the application of control measures in a step-wise manner. T he OIE Performance of Veterinary Services tool helps countries to monitor the structures essential for programme implementation.Vaccination is an important component of programmes that seek to reduce the impacts of FMD and to block circulation of the causative virus in order to establish and maintain disease freedom. Choosing and successfully implementing the appropriate vaccine and vaccination regimens are affected by many dynamic factors, including (1) the diversity of the viruses to be contro lled; (2) the performance characteristics and instability of vaccines; (2) the range of susceptible animal species and husbandry systems; (3) the purposes of vaccination; (4) the short-lived nature of vaccine induced immunity; and (5) the design and application of vaccination programmes. Furthermore, vaccination is unlikely to succeed unless supported by other complementary control measures. Therefore, the entire process of vaccine selection and vaccination must be continuously monitored and eva luated to ensure that it fulfils its objectives and contributes to a sustainable control of FMD. This document is intended to help guide this process. Since the variable and changing circumstances of FMD control require different approaches, the guidance is not prescriptive. Instead, it reviews the options available for vaccine selection and vaccination strategies and presents methodology to check that a potential vaccine is able to provide a protective immune response and that the implemented v accination programme has translated this into a protective level of population immunity.
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    Book (series)
    Developing an emergency vaccination plan for foot-and-mouth disease in free countries 2022
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    This guide is intended to be used by veterinary contingency planners in foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) free countries. The concepts presented can also be adapted to other animal health threats. The guide provides recommendations for the structure and content of an emergency vaccination plan, once the decision to vaccinate has been made, and the vaccination strategy has been decided.It does not include any consideration of the decision-making process on if, when and how to proceed with vaccination. The plan should be adapted to the context and requirements of the country. The guide has been drafted based on the outcome of two European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD) workshops on “Putting vaccination into Practice” held in Grange, Ireland from 13 to 16 March 2017, and in Malaga, Spain from 19 to 22 March 2019. The workshops identified the key elements required for the development of an emergency vaccination implementation plan. Further information has been included to extend the guide to all aspects of an emergency vaccination plan.

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