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No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Technical studyThe political economy of the common market in milk and dairy products in the European Union. (FAO Economic and Social Development Paper - 142) 1997
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No results found.This paper studies the policy delivery systems (PDSs) in the European Union (EU) for the implementation of the common dairy policy. It looks at the stated aims of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the dairy policy at the PDS Itself and at the conduct of policy. The analysis is based on four performance criteria: effectiveness (in fulfilment of aims), efficiency, enforceability and equity. Three case-studies illustrate how the common policy had to be partially adapted in Italy and the Unit ed Kingdom because of differences In the market and processing industry structure and show how the high level of efficiency of the PDS in the Netherlands affects the system throughout the EU. It is argued that the system is broadly effective in achieving the target price and that since the introduction of the quota policy it has been more effective (unexpectedly) in fulfilling the EU's farm income aims. The policy has not been efficient at all times insofar as it encouraged overproduction of unw anted products with weak markets at supported prices. The policy has proved enforceable in its detail, although it has been necessary to rely on the European Court of Justice to settle difficult issues when political machinery has failed. In terms of equity the policy has strengthened the rural economy in some of the EU's more remote areas, but it has also tolerated large differences around common price levels. -
Book (series)Technical reportReport of the FAO Expert Consultation on the Trade Impact of Listeria in Fish Products. Amherst, MA, USA, 17-20 May 1999. 1999
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No results found.The globalization and growth of international trade in fish and fishery products in recent years has made these products one of the most important items traded in terms of value. Concerns regarding the safety of these products has prompted the emergence of a number of new regulations such as a zero-tolerance policy for Listeria monocytogenes in fishery products or the use of a risk based approach to establish maximum limits for Listeria in these products. The paper describes the findings of the FAO Expert Consultation on the Trade Impact of Listeria in Fish Products, held in the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA from 17 to 20 May 1999. It documents the current scientific knowledge regarding the risks of listeriosis in relation to fishery products, discusses current regulations and their impact on trade and provides guidelines for the prevention and control of Listeria in these products.
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