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Evaluation of the project "Food and Nutrition Security Enhancement in Nepal"

Evaluation of the Technical Assistance model, Project code: UTF/NEP/077/NEP











Annex 1. Terms of reference

Management response


FAO. 2025. Evaluation of the project "Food and Nutrition Security Enhancement in Nepal" – Project code: UTF/NEP/077/NEP. Project Evaluation Series, No. 27/2025. Rome.



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    The project’s goal was to support Nepal’s agriculture sector to become climate resilient by promoting urgent and immediate adaptation measures and integration of adaptation priorities outlined in the National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) into agriculture sectorial policies, plans, programmes and local actions. The final evaluation found that the relevant institutional structures in Nepal are now technically capable of incorporating climate change adaptation in agriculture sector decision-making. However, project districts could not benefit from strengthened staff capacity due to scattering of institutional memory caused by staff transfers and relocation in federal, provincial and local governments. Evidence of climate change adaptation related awareness raising and knowledge management activities were apparent in project districts. However, wider dissemination of knowledge and awareness raising products for replication and up-scaling of the project remains yet to be achieved adequately. The project has contributed in economic and social empowerment of most vulnerable Farmer’s Field School group members and specifically the women. However, a robust agriculture sector support mechanism will be required to sustain the impact in future.
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    Evaluation of the project “Support to agricultural livelihoods of rural and peri-urban communities in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq”
    Project code: OSRO/IRQ/902/EC
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    The project “Support to agricultural livelihoods of rural and peri-urban returnees and communities in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq” was implemented from June 2019 to June 2023. The project was developed in response to the destruction of human, financial, physical and natural capital caused by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) conflict (2014-2017) in the Governorate of Nineveh.The evaluation found that the project is strongly aligned with national priorities, FAO's strategic objectives and the needs of Iraqi in peri-urban and rural communities. The project demonstrated elements of the humanitarian–development–peace (HDP) nexus, reinforcing national systems and likely enhancing social cohesion within communities. The project successfully introduced sustainable agricultural practices, including alternative fodder crops and livestock interventions as part of the dairy value chain, contributing to economic benefits for smallholder farmers and empowerment of women in rural communities. However, external and internal challenges persisted. In addition, the project successfully trained the Directorate of Agriculture, through its extension workers, and farmers in Nineveh Governorate, transferring knowledge. Moreover, efforts were made towards sustainability through strengthening partnerships, enhancing knowledge of stakeholders, developing a sense of ownership of the project, replicating a similar project in Iraq and contributing towards a more conducive environment. Despite these efforts, limited access to financial resources and environmental factors pose challenges to sustainability.Recommendations include continued emphasis on value chain development, enhanced monitoring efforts, and further implementation of the HDP approach to ensure sustained project impact and resilience in a fragile context.
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    The project responded to the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) conflict (2014–2017) in the Nineveh Governorate of Iraq to restore sustainable agriculture and food security for the rural and peri-urban population. It adopted a value chain approach with capacity building for the Directorate of Agriculture’s extension workers. This involved crop and livestock activities that addressed vegetable production, dairy and agrifood processing, and small ruminant fattening systems. Crop producers, livestock keepers, small-scale family farms and value chain actors were the primary beneficiaries. Governmental and agricultural service providers, decision-makers and community-based facilitators from Farmer Field Schools were key participants.

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