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DocumentGenetic diversity and physiological response to drought stress of Chamaecyparis obtusa from six geographical locations
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Water deficit is a critical factor obstructing the growth and survival of plant. Therefore, researchers have been trying to develop drought-resistant varieties. To find indicators of drought stress-tolerance of cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), we analyzed the response of cypress seedlings from six provenances of Korea (Jeju, Suwon, Seoul, Seongnam, Yong-in, and Osan) to drought stress. Additionally, the genetic diversity of C. obtusa from the six provenances were determined using microsatellite markers. We confirmed that populations from Suwon and Seongnam were relatively separated from other populations through genetic distance and cluster analysis. We examined their physiologic and metabolic responses after drought treatment for five weeks. Almost all of the cypress seedlings showed a reduced shoot growth rate under drought treatment compared to controls. In addition, temperature of drought treated cypress seedling leaves was 1.2-2°C higher than that of the controls. Almost all of the drought stress-treated cypress showed increased carbon metabolite contents and pigments. In particular, the cypress seedlings from Osan showed the highest increase in all of the measured metabolites. Therefore, it is suggested that the seedlings from Osan are susceptible to drought stress. Conversely, the seedlings from Jeju, Suwon, and Yong-in showed a lower sensitivity to drought treatment. These results indicate that the cypress trees from the six provenances have a different response to drought stress. In addition, it is confirmed that previously identified indicators of drought stress, especially those that measure total soluble sugar, carotenoid, and H2O2, can be used in the selection of drought resistance cypress. These findings may useful in studies concerned with the metabolic and physiological responses of young cypress to drought. Keywords: Climate change, Genetic resources, Research ID: 3618007 -
ArticleGenetic test collections of poplars in the south-eastern part of European Russia for biodiversity preservation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The relevance of research on biodiversity conservation corresponds to the trends of ideas of the last century, summarized in the Rio Convention (1992) and subsequent international acts. The greatest problem is the preservation of intraspecific diversity. According to the chromosomal inheritance theory of Sutton and Boveri, the number of possible phenotypes of two parents is expressed as 2n,and genotypes as 3n, where n is the haploid number of chromosomes in the parents. In particular, for poplars this is ≈ 500 thousand different descendants, and the number of genotypes can be ≈ 4.6 billion. Taking into account the decoding of genome data, these values can be increased many times. In forest tree breeding researchers try to identify the most useful organisms or their aggregates from the existing varieties. Since its Foundation in 1971 the All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology has been working to create an ex situ field collection fund of practically valuable clones, hybrids and varieties of poplars. The collections were created over the next 50 years, taking into account the recommendations of the field experience methodology. In different regions of the country the collections of hundreds clones and new hybrids in 5 locations; the variety testing sites in 15 locations; and root cutting plantations in 19 locations were created. Totally, 54.04 ha of poplar experimental objects were created in the South-Eastern part of the European territory of Russia. As a result of many years research, new varieties of poplars have been developed for plantation, protective and reclamation afforestation, as well as for landscaping in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of European Russia. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Genetic resources, Research, Poplar breeding, Poplar varieties. ID: 3488495 -
ArticleOverstory-regeneration relationships in mixed-conifer forests of the southwestern United States
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The ponderosa pine, dry- and wet-mixed conifers, and spruce-fir forests are major forest types in the southwestern United States. The ponderosa pine and dry mixed-conifer systems have historically relied on fire to maintain structure and composition. With the changes in fire regimes, there has been a long-term progression toward more shade-tolerant species such as Abies concolor. Using data from the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program, this study focused on the relative proportions of each species in the seedling, sapling, and overstory tree cohorts. The hypothesis is that regeneration and subsequent development by species were proportional to the species in the overstory, accounting for shade tolerance. Transitions to a different future forest combination, if that transition was occurring, was related to the time since the previous disturbance, usually fire, and the relative proportion of Abies in the overstory mix. This paper examines a subset of the relationship between overstory basal area, latitude, elevation, and seedling numbers in the understory by species. We found three species – Picea engelmannii, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Pinus ponderosa – displayed an interaction between overstory basal area and latitude upon seedling numbers in the understory. There was little separation at the more southerly locations, suggesting an external limiting factor, soil moisture availability, overcame species-specific silvical characteristics and competitive abilities. Future work will examine the presence of particular species in the overstory and their influence upon their own and other species' regeneration. Keywords: multiple species forests, regeneration trends, succession, microenvironment ID: 3486970
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