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The effects of organophosphate insecticides in nursery ponds

Establishment of a Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia







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    Design of fish hatchery-nursery pond at Hub, Tarbela and Mangla reservoirs 1988
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    The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, under its Technical Cooperation Programme, is providing assistance to the Government of Pakistan for the purpose of improving fisheries production in those reservoirs administered by the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA). Under the framework of the TCP Project “Fisheries Development in Reservoirs” TCP/PAK/6657, Mr. Woynarovich was assigned as consultant (Aquaculture Engineer) for the period of three months. The consultanc y was carried out between 20 April to 19 May 1987 and 16 September to 2 November 1987. Thus, the terms of reference for the Aquaculture Engineer consultant were: to review the present state of hatchery-pond units at Tarbela and Mangla reservoirs and to give recommendations to improve them, and to prepare designs for new hatchery-nursery pond complexes at Hub, Tarbela and Mangla reservoirs. The consultant worked together with other project consultants, (Dr. I. Dunn - Project Coordinator /Senior Fisheries Specialist, Mr. K. G. Rajbanshi -Aquaculture Specialist, Dr. T. Brenner - Limnologist/Fishery Biologist and Dr. W. George - Limnologist) on the site and developed the present work while in consultation with them.
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    Environmental diel cycle during mass fish kills and planktonic collapse in an undrainable rural fish pond
    Establishment of a Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
    1986
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    With a view to find out the possible causes for the sudden occurrence of large scale mortality of fish and fish food organisms in a shallow pond of 1.25 ha on a hot summer day (June 5, 1982), the diurnal variation of physico-chemical factors and plankton density were studied. Water temperature (29.0–37.5°C), free carbon dioxide (0–32.0 ppm) and dissolved oxygen (0.08–11.6 ppm) showed marked fluctuation round the clock. Phytoplankton density was found to be maximum at 5.00 am. and minimum at 9.00 p.m. and during day time was markedly less. Volumetric estimation of plankton revealed a considerable decline in plankton biopmass (71.32%) over a period of 3 days during the hot spell (June 5–8, 1982). The computed loss in density of phytoplankters was 2981 u/1 and that of zooplankters 2354 u/1 during the period. The dead fishes included Cyprinus carpio, Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla and Labeo rohita. The lethal conditions for aquatic life occurred with high temperature and complete deple tion of dissolved oxygen in the day time and the sharp rise in free carbon dioxide in the night. The adverse environmental conditions were further aggravated due to very low water level, high concentration of suspensoids of particulate and colloidal matter at the pond bottom and high rate of decomposition of organic matter etc., which seem to have been cumulatively responsible for the sudden mortality of fishes and the collapse of planktonic organisms.
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    Preliminary studies on the effects of three animal manures on the ecological conditions of pond water and fish growth
    Establishment of a Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
    1983
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    The use of organic manure in aquaculture is one of the main inputs in the Chinese system of integrated fish farming. Although many scientists in China and elsewhere have done much work on the effects of animal manure on aquaculture production (Chen Qiyu et al, 1982, Buck, 1978. 1979; Schroeder 1978, 1980; McGeacin et al, 1982; Stickney, 1977; Jhingran et al, 1980; Edwards, 1980; Zweig, 1981), little is known of the series of physical, chemical and biological processes which are taking place in a pond after application of manure. The complexity of energy recycling needs further studies. The aim of this study is to determine the independent contribution of three animal manures to changes in the ecological condition of pond water and fish production. The results to be obtained may provide the scientific basis for further research on the use of organic manure in fish culture.

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